1. L.O.: SWBAT to explain the reason for discontent in Lower Canada. 1) Collect HW 2) Introductory Paragraph 3) Life in Lower Canada PPT 4) Work Period 5) HW: Read Pgs. 3-6 Newspaper, Life in LC Worksheet, Hook + Thesis for Paragraph

2. "Back View of the Church of St. Eustache and Dispersion of the Insurgents." (Québec) View of Québec City (Québec) Papineau addressing a crowd

3.  Their way of life had not changed much for 150 years  More people meant less available farm land and smaller lots of land  Not much work for young people  After 1810 many were starving because there was not enough food  Too many English-speaking immigrants were threatening the habitants’ way of life

5.  English-speaking people who were very rich and powerful  They made money from furs, timber and wheat  They wanted the government to use taxes to improve Lower Canada by building bridges, canals, harbours and roads

6. Educated, French-speaking such as lawyers and doctors They wanted to be leaders and speak for all of the people in Lower Canada They dreamed of a separate French-Canadian nation They liked the traditional French-Canadian way of life and saw the British as a cultural threat They created a political party called “Parti Canadien”

7.  A wealthy seigneur who was a professional man and wanted changes to be made in the government  Became the leader of the “Parti Canadien” which changed its name to “Parti Patriote” after 1826

8. The government in Lower Canada was similar to that created in Upper Canada under the Constitutional Act Some differences were: ◦ Members of both the Legislative and Executive Councils were appointed for life ◦ The governor and the members in the council were all English-speaking which made their interests very different from the French-speaking habitants and professional men See page 141 for the Government Structure Diagram

9.  Members appointed by the governor  Often governor and group he chose to advise him did not approve the Assembly’s bills  Real power in hand of governor and council

10. Chateau Clique  Small group of wealthy people who were either British or French-Candians  Only a few people should have the power (oligarchy)  Wanted Roman Catholic Church to keep power  Favoured British system Parti Canadien  Mostly French- Canadians who wanted old, traditional French ways  Change as negative  Leader was Louis- Joseph Papineau  Got the Professional Men to control the Legislative Assembly and vote against improvements  Merchants angered because they wanted the improvements

11. The French-speaking people (80%) and English-speaking merchants wanted different things in Lower Canada such as: ◦ The merchants wanted improvements for transportation but to pay for those they wanted to tax the seigneurs (roads and canals) ◦ the seigneurs wanted their own way of life with no improvements or immigrants ◦ the French-speaking people also wanted to have control in the Executive and Legislative Councils  Ruling class known as Chateau Clique  English population increasing and threatening French speaking

12.  Leader of French- speaking Reformers  Led attacks on English- speaking Chateau Clique  1834, drafted document called 92 Resolutions  Threatened to hold back tax money used to pay government salaries, build bridges, roads and canals  Papineau boycotted English goods

13. In 1834 the Legislative Assembly put together a list of 92 grievances (or resolutions) and sent it to the British government They said the people would not pay any taxes until their concerns were resolved. With no taxes, government workers would not get paid and any work on transportation improvements would have to stop

14.  We use resolutions today when we want to improve something in our lives. The most common time for people to make a list of resolutions is on New Year’s.

15. Britain sent a man named Lord Gosford to investigate what was happening in Lower Canada in 1835 He was not liked by either groups – seen as a puppet of the British In 1837 Britain decided write their own 10 resolutions which included the following: ◦ Britain refused to give the Legislative Assembly any more power and if they refused to give tax money to the Governor he now was given power to just take it ◦ Britain also continued to encourage immigration

16.  Patriotes threatened government with violence when changes didn’t occur  Wanted American-style of gov’t  Government brought in troops from Upper Canada  In the fall of 1837, Papineau’s followers took up arms and rebellion broke out  Rebellion lasted about a month  Papineau flees to the U.S.

17.  After Britain’s response the Canadiens were ready to fight  The rebellion started in November of1837 and ended in December of 1837  Who do you think was the winner?

18.  Lack of planning and military leadership  Few arms for Patriotes  Not trained soldiers  Roman Catholic church disapproved of armed rebellion  Many Patriotes refused to fight if not supported by Church

19. On December 14 th the Canadiens gathered in the village of St Eustache and were ready to fight The British attacked the village and completely burned and robbed it In the end 12 rebels were hanged and 58 were sent to Australia as prisoners Another 1200 prisoners were set free Papineau escaped to the USA and was to be executed if he tried to return to BNA

20.  After looking at the events in Lower Canada think about the following: ◦ What do you think will now happen to the relations between the French-speaking and English-speaking people? ◦ Can life continue in Lower Canada with British leaders and large French-speaking citizens? ◦ What do you see happening in the future?

21. L.O.: SWBAT to explain the reason for discontent in Lower Canada. 1) Collect HW 2) Introductory Paragraph 3) Life in Lower Canada PPT 4) Work Period 5) HW: Read Pgs. 3-6 Newspaper, Life in LC Worksheet, Hook + Thesis for Paragraph