1. 12V/48V bi-directional DC/ DC converter Architecture 12V - 48V supply bus topology in automotive segment Target applications: Vehicles with moderate energy Target CO 2 saving with using 48V boost recuperation system (BRS) Low capacity 48V Li-Ion battery – price optimization All power load remain in 12V branch and/ or vehicles with peak power demand Target high power output ability for cycle using High capacity 48V Li-Ion battery for high power demand application like active suspension Some high power loads connected to 48V branch Close to ~3 kW in/out power required 1 48V load 12V/48V bus topology 48V branch (up to 80A) + BRS DC/DC converter Starter 12V load 12V branch (up to 250A) + Li-ion Pb acid

2. 12V/48V bi-directional DC/ DC converter Architecture Architecture of 3-phase interleave buck/ boost converter with synchronous rectification, output power 2-3kW Voltage: 14V nominal range 6-18V Current range up to 250A Voltage: 48V nominal range 25-52V Current range up to 80A 2 + Half bridge topo: Buck conversion Boost conversion 100kHz typ PWM High side current sensing HS MOSFET MOSFET HB Gate driver 1 st phase buck/ boost Current sense LS MOSFET HS MOSFET MOSFET HB Gate driver 2 nd phase buck/ boost Current sense LS MOSFET HS MOSFET 100V line MOSFET HB Gate driver 3 rd phase buck/ boost Current sense LS MOSFET 100V line + Control unit µ-controller Protection/ EMI filter DC/DC supply controller/ LDO High side current sense Control stage 12V bat Control stage task Provide PWM control signal Application protection Data transfer/ monitor MCU/ electronic supply Safe switch 48V bat Reverse battery switch

3. 12V/48V bi-directional DC/ DC converter Typical schematics & product mapping 3-phase interleave buck/ boost converter with synchronous rectification, output power 2-3kW 3 48V bat + + Control unit DC/DC supply controller/ LDO 12V bat HB gate driver +aux features buck/ boost HS cur. sense +48V +12V R SENSE HB gate driver +aux features buck/ boost HS cur. sense +48V +12V R SENSE HB gate driver+ compara tor buck/ boost HS cur. sense +48V +12V R SENSE CAN STH315N10F7 STH275N8F7 * paralleling possible L6491* * not AG qualified 12V- SM30T19CAY 48V- SM6T56CAY A6985; LD1080… TSC103IYPT ESDCAN24-2BLY ESDCAN02/..03-2BWY MCU – SPC56 fam WTD - STWD100NxWY3F EEPROM – CMOSF8H 2x STH410N4F7 * paralleling possible