1. Level 3 Diploma in Business Administration © 2016 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 1 of 18 PowerPoint presentation Understand leadership styles and models Unit 337 (M&L15) Principles of leadership and management

2. Level 3 Diploma in Business Administration © 2016 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 2 of 18 Understand the principles of effective decision making What is a leader? Leadership involves: establishing a clear vision; sharing that vision with others so that they will follow willingly; providing the information, knowledge and methods to realise that vision, and; coordinating and balancing the conflicting interests of all members and stakeholders. http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/leadership.html#ixzz3Ue6nK9gT

3. Level 3 Diploma in Business Administration © 2016 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 3 of 18 Understand the principles of effective decision making What is a manager? An individual who is in charge of a certain group of tasks, or a certain subset of an organisation. A manager often has a staff of people who report to him or her. http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/manager.html#ixzz3Ue85Xlzh

4. Level 3 Diploma in Business Administration © 2016 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 4 of 18 Understand the principles of effective decision making The main differences Listed below are several main differences between the concepts of leadership and management. ManagerLeader Planning and budgetingCreates an environment for change Maintains control and orderMotivates and innovates Follows rules and regulationsDevelops ideas and procedures Has subordinatesHas people who follow their lead Controls and solves problemsCreates a sense of direction Focus on system and structureFocus on innovation and change

5. Level 3 Diploma in Business Administration © 2016 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 5 of 18 Understand the principles of effective decision making Influences Managers use rules, regulations and formal procedures to ensure work is completed. They have subordinates who have to comply with their instructions. Managers maintain the status quo in an organisation by enforcing rules and solving problems. Leaders create a sense of purpose and influence people by guiding and innovating. They often develop or challenge formal rules and procedures, in order to create an environment for change. People tend to follow leaders as they promote innovation and trust.

6. Level 3 Diploma in Business Administration © 2016 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 6 of 18 Understand the principles of effective decision making Leadership styles There are many different models and theories around the concept of leadership style. This is defined as the approach taken by a leader to influence and motivate others to act in particular ways to achieve specific goals. Leaders have different personal styles and approaches.

7. Level 3 Diploma in Business Administration © 2016 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 7 of 18 Understand the principles of effective decision making Leadership styles Situational Leadership style https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QbS3samTsOA

8. Level 3 Diploma in Business Administration © 2016 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 8 of 18 Understand the principles of effective decision making Leadership styles Follow these links to read more about situational leadership. http://www.learn-to-be-a-leader.com/situational-leadership.html http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_44.htm

9. Level 3 Diploma in Business Administration © 2016 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 9 of 18 Understand the principles of effective decision making Leadership styles Kurt Lewin Lewin’s theory of leadership style is based around 3 main types of leader. Autocratic leaders make decisions themselves Democratic leaders take an active role in the decision making process but they involve others too. Laissez-faire leaders have very little involvement in decisions making themselves, pretty much leaving matters to their followers Lewin, K., Lippit, R. and White, R.K. (1939) Patterns of aggressive behavior in experimentally created social climates, Journal of Social Psychology, 10, 271–301.

10. Level 3 Diploma in Business Administration © 2016 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 10 of 18 Understand the principles of effective decision making Leadership styles Follow these links to read more about Kurt Lewin’s leadership theory: http://psychology.about.com/od/leadership/a/leadstyles.htm http://www.citelighter.com/business/management/knowledgecards/lewins-leadership- styles

11. Level 3 Diploma in Business Administration © 2016 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 11 of 18 Understand the principles of effective decision making Leadership styles You should now complete Activity 2.

12. Level 3 Diploma in Business Administration © 2016 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 12 of 18 Understand the principles of effective decision making Motivational Theory Motivation is defined as: ‘Internal and external factors that stimulate desire and energy in people to be continually interested and committed to a job, role or subject, or to make an effort to attain a goal’. http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/motivation.html#ixzz3Uinx2xgC There are a number of different views as to what motivates workers. The most commonly held theories have been developed over the last 100 years. They all reach different conclusions.

13. Level 3 Diploma in Business Administration © 2016 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 13 of 18 Understand the principles of effective decision making Motivational Theory Frederick Winslow Taylor argues the idea that workers are motivated mainly by pay. His Theory of Scientific Management argued the following: Workers do not naturally enjoy work and so need close supervision and control Workers are then paid according to the number of items they produce in a set period of time-piece-rate pay. As a result workers are encouraged to work hard and maximise their productivity.

14. Level 3 Diploma in Business Administration © 2016 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 14 of 18 Understand the principles of effective decision making Motivational Theory Elton Mayo believed that workers are not just concerned with money but could be better motivated by having their social needs met while at work. He introduced the Human Relation School of thought, which focused on managers taking more of an interest in the workers, treating them as people who have worthwhile opinions.

15. Level 3 Diploma in Business Administration © 2016 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 15 of 18 Understand the principles of effective decision making Motivational Theory Abraham Maslow introduced the Neo-Human Relations School in the 1950s, which focused on the psychological needs of employees. Maslow put forward a theory that there are five levels of human needs which employees need to have fulfilled at work. All of the needs are structured into a hierarchy and only once a lower level of need has been fully met, would a worker be motivated by the opportunity of having the next need up in the hierarchy satisfied.

16. Level 3 Diploma in Business Administration © 2016 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 16 of 18 Understand the principles of effective decision making Motivational Theory Self Actualisation Esteem Needs Recognition Social needs Love Safety needs Security, protection Physiological needs Hunger, thirst

17. Level 3 Diploma in Business Administration © 2016 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 17 of 18 Understand the principles of effective decision making Motivational Theory You should now complete Activity 3.

18. Level 3 Diploma in Business Administration © 2016 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 18 of 18 Any questions?