1. Excavation and lifting Excavator: Power driven digging machine Types 1. Hydraulic excavator 2. Cable operated excavator 3. Shovel 4. Draglines 5. Hoes Secondary excavators 1. Dozers 2. Loaders 3. scarpers Dr Kafeel Ahmed

2. Excavators and crane shovels Worker digging with hand is duplicated as crane shovel 1. Shovels 2. Backhoe 3. Dragline 4. Mobile crane 5. Pile driver Hydraulic excavator advantages 1. Faster cycle time 2. Higher bucket penetration force 3. Precise digging 4. Easy operation control Dr Kafeel Ahmed

3. Hydraulic excavators Major Parts: 1. Carrier 2. Turntable 3. Front end assembly Dr Kafeel Ahmed

4. Carrier Crawler Mounting Wheel mounting Truck mounting Dr Kafeel Ahmed

5. Crawler Mounting Excellent on site mobility Low ground pressure Drainage work Trenching work Rock excavation Dr Kafeel Ahmed

6. Wheel and truck mounting Mobility between sites Less stable than crawler Require good surface to operate Dr Kafeel Ahmed

7. Hydraulic excavators Parts 1. Arms: Extendible: to provide reach 2. Auger: Drill holes for poles, posts, soil sampling, ground improvement 3. Booms: used for long reach application 4. Hammer: to break rocks or concrete 5. Buckets 6. Compaction plate Dr Kafeel Ahmed

8. Arms Dr Kafeel Ahmed

9. Auger Dr Kafeel Ahmed

10. Booms Dr Kafeel Ahmed

11. Hammer Dr Kafeel Ahmed

12. Buckets Dr Kafeel Ahmed

13. Compaction plate Dr Kafeel Ahmed