2. EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS IN HORTICULTURE Essential Standard 2.0: Examine Careers Related to Horticulture.

3. Objective 2.01 ◦ Discuss careers and skills necessary for employment in the horticulture industry

4. What is Horticulture? ◦ Horticulture comes from the Latin words hortus which means “garden” and cultorum which means “cultivation”. ◦ Horticulture is the cultivation, processing and marketing of flowers, ornamental plants, vegetables, fruits and nuts.

5. Divisions of Horticulture ◦ Fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants ◦ Floriculture ◦ Landscape and nursery industry ◦ Olericulture ◦ Pomology ◦ Viticulture

6. Floriculture ◦ Floriculture is the science and practice of growing, harvesting, storing, designing, and marketing flowering plants.

7. Landscape and Nursery ◦ Landscape and nursery industry is the science and practice of propagation, growing, planting, maintaining and using grasses, annuals, shrubs and trees.

8. Olericulture ◦ Olericulture is the science and practice of growing, harvesting, storing, processing and marketing vegetables.

9. Pomology ◦ Pomology is the science and practice of growing, harvesting, storing, processing and marketing tree grown fruits.

10. Viticulture ◦ The science and practice of growing, maintaining and processing grapes

11. Importance of Horticulture ◦ Horticulture has three main areas of importance. ◦ Economic ◦ Aesthetic ◦ Environmental

12. Economic Importance ◦ The horticulture industry puts over $25 billion dollars into the U.S. economy annually. ◦ Provides jobs ◦ Produces food (fruits, vegetables, nuts) ◦ Increases value of homes through landscaping

13. Aesthetic value (appearance) ◦ Improves the appearance of homes and buildings through landscaping ◦ Improves the appearance of land from fruit, vegetable and ornamental crops grown.

14. Environmental ◦ Includes health and comfort ◦ cleans air ◦ prevents erosion ◦ provides shade ◦ nutrition

15. What are some jobs in horticulture?

16. Greenhouse Employee ◦ Grows vegetables and flowers including ◦ cut flowers ◦ bedding plants ◦ potted plants ◦ hanging baskets ◦ Performs both sexual and asexual propagation of plants

17. Nursery Employee ◦ Grows seedlings and plants for landscaping, replanting in forests, or producing fruit

18. Garden Center Employee ◦ Cares for plants ◦ moves plants and supplies ◦ arranges and displays plants and supplies ◦ sells plants and supplies

19. Grounds Maintenance Employee ◦ Cares for the land area and plants that surround a business, school, church, industry or other public or private places that have lawns and plants that have to be maintained

20. Golf Course Employee ◦ Responsible for maintenance of: ◦ golf course including turfgrass ◦ irrigation and drainage ◦ sand trap ◦ trees and shrubs ◦ buildings and equipment

21. Park Employee ◦ Maintains plants, grounds, buildings, facilities, equipment and driveways in national, state, city or privately owned parks

22. Green Industry Employees ◦ Work in jobs that are environmentally friendly and have to do with reusing, recycling and reducing the carbon footprint.

23. Inspectors ◦ Check plants and materials for disease, insects and other quality issues.

24. Other Career Opportunities ◦ There are also many careers in the field of agricultural biotechnology such as technician, researcher, marketing specialist, and much more! ◦ USDA, EPA, and the FDA ◦ Sales positions in a variety of wholesale and retail areas. ◦ Seed companies or a wholesale grower.

25. What qualifications do I need to work in the horticulture industry?

26. Skills ◦ Skills vary from unskilled to highly skilled depending on the career in horticulture. A materials handler needs few skills, but an inspector needs many skills to check for quality, for insects or diseases or for following governmental rules.

27. Personal Interests and Qualifications ◦ Before seeking a job one must consider: ◦ Work inside or outside or a combination ◦ Work in a group or alone ◦ Work with people or plants ◦ Work at routine tasks or varying jobs ◦ Physical strength to do the job

28. Educational Qualifications ◦ Educational qualifications vary depending on the careers ◦ High school graduate or less for unskilled entry-level jobs ◦ Technical degree for skilled jobs ◦ Bachelors, masters or doctorate degree for most professional areas because of required licenses, paperwork, research and/or teaching

29. Career Outlook ◦ Outlook for the horticulture industry is expected to grow because of the increase in population and new home construction. I see plants in your future!

30. INTRODUCTION TO SAE Essential Standard 2.0: Examine Careers Related to Horticulture.

31. Objective 2.02 ◦ Implement an SAE

32. Read this carefully! Wanted: Landscape Maintenance worker, Operate a lawn mower and power blower. Need a person who can work with out supervision. Experience required. Call 515-7743.

33. Read this carefully! Vet Assistant needed. Mayflower Animal Hospital needs an experienced individual to work 20 hours a week. Duties including bathing animals, grooming and feeding of animals. Apply in person at 316 Walnut Street.

34. Read this carefully! Wanted: Dependable person to handle over the counter sales in a busy garden center. Pay is $7.50 an hour. Neat appearance important along with the ability to work with people. Experience in working with plants a must. Call 515-2396 for an interview.

35. What was the same in all 3 ads? ◦ Each advertisement wanted the person to be experienced. People who have experience have the edge in landing a job. But: ◦ How do you get experience without first having a job? ◦ How do you get a job without first having experience?

36. Gaining Experience!! ◦ Question: ◦ How can you gain experience to get a job (or prepare for college)? ◦ Answer: ◦ Supervised Agricultural Experience (SAE)

37. What is SAE? ◦ Supervised Agricultural Experience (SAE) Programs consist of planned practical activities conducted outside of class time in which students develop and apply agricultural knowledge and skills. ◦ Deals with any division of agriculture: ◦ Plants ◦ Animals ◦ Any agriculture business ◦ Agricultural science experiments

38. How Does a SAE Help Me? ◦ Develop skills that can be used in getting a job ◦ Provides the opportunity to make money ◦ Develops skills that can be used in starting you own business ◦ Helps development management skills

39. How Does a SAE Help Me...? ◦ Learn record keeping skills ◦ Improves analytical and decision making skills ◦ Teaches responsibility ◦ Provides the opportunity to explore possible careers

40. How Does a SAE Help Me...? ◦ Develops knowledge and skills that could be helpful in college, as a hobby or for recreation. ◦ Provides the opportunity to win awards: FFA proficiency awards are based on the SAE program. In addition to winning awards, money can be won at regional, state and national levels

41. How Does a SAE Help Me...? ◦ FFA degrees are partially based on the SAE. You must have a SAE program to advance. ◦ In order to be a state or national officer, you first must have an advanced FFA degree which is partially based on SAE. ◦ Could help the grade in Agriculture class.

42. Types of SAE ◦ Entrepreneurship ◦ Placement ◦ Research ◦ Experimental ◦ Analytical or Non-Experimental ◦ Exploratory ◦ Improvement ◦ Supplemental

43. Entrepreneurship ◦ The student plans, implements, operates and assumes financial risks in a farming activity or agricultural business. In Entrepreneurship programs, the student owns the materials and other required inputs and keeps financial records to determine return to investments.

44. Entrepreneurship examples: ◦ Growing an acre of corn ◦ Operating a Christmas tree farm ◦ Raising a litter of pigs ◦ Running a pay-to-fish operation ◦ Growing bedding plants in the school greenhouse ◦ Owning and operating a lawn care service ◦ A group of students growing a crop of poinsettias

45. Placement ◦ Placement programs involve the placement of students on farms and ranches, in agricultural businesses, in school laboratories or in community facilities to provide a "learning by doing" environment. This is done outside of normal classroom hours and may be paid or non-paid.

46. Placement Examples ◦ Placement in a florist shop ◦ Working after school at a farm supply store. ◦ Working on Saturdays at a riding stable ◦ Working in the school greenhouse after school and on weekends and holidays ◦ Placement on a general livestock farm

47. Research ◦ An extensive activity where the student plans and conducts a major agricultural experiment using the scientific process. The purpose of the experiment is to provide students "hands-on" experience in: ◦ 1. Verifying, learning or demonstrating scientific principles in agriculture. ◦ 2. Discovering new knowledge. ◦ 3. Using the scientific process.

48. Research Examples ◦ Comparing the effect of various planting media on plant growth ◦ Determining the impact of different levels of protein on fish growth ◦ Comparing three rooting hormones on root development ◦ Determining if phases of the moon have an effect on plant growth

49. Examples, continued ◦ Analyzing the effectiveness of different display methods on plant sales in a garden center ◦ Demonstrating the impact of different levels of soil acidity on plant growth ◦ Determining the strength of welds using different welding methods

50. Research... ◦ There are two major types of Research Projects - Experimental and Non-Experimental. The previous slides described experimental. The two slides that follow describe non-experimental research.

51. Non-Experimental or Analytical Research ◦ Students choose an agricultural problem that is not amenable to experimentation and design a plan to investigate and analyze the problem. The students gather and evaluate data from a variety of sources and then produce some type of finished product.

52. Non-Experimental or Analytical Research ◦ A marketing plan for an agricultural commodity ◦ A series of newspaper articles about the environment ◦ A land use plan for a farm ◦ A landscape design for a community facility ◦ An advertising campaign for an agribusiness

53. Exploratory ◦ Exploratory SAE activities are designed primarily to help students become literate in agriculture and/or become aware of possible careers in agriculture. Exploratory SAE activities are appropriate for beginning agricultural students but is not restricted to beginning students.

54. Exploratory Examples: ◦ Observing and/or assisting a florist ◦ Growing plants in a milk jug "greenhouse" ◦ Assisting on a horse farm for a day ◦ Interviewing an agricultural loan officer in a bank ◦ Preparing a scrapbook on the work of a veterinarian ◦ Attending an agricultural career day

55. Improvement (minor component) ◦ Improvement activities include a series of learning activities that improves the value or appearance of the place of employment, home, school or community; the efficiency of an enterprise or business, or the living conditions of the family. An improvement activity involves a series of steps and generally requires a number of days for completion.

56. Improvement Examples: ◦ Landscaping the home ◦ Building a fence ◦ Remodeling and painting a room ◦ Overhauling a piece of equipment ◦ Building or reorganizing a farm shop ◦ Renovating and restocking a pond ◦ Computerizing the records of an agricultural business

57. Supplementary (Minor) ◦ A supplementary activity is one where the student performs one specific agricultural skill outside of normal class time. This skill is not related to the major SAE but is normally taught in an agricultural program, involves experiential learning and does contribute to the development of agricultural skills and knowledge on the part of the student. The activity is accomplished in less than a day and does not require a series of steps.

58. Supplementary Examples: ◦ Pruning a fruit tree ◦ Changing oil in a sod cutter ◦ Balling & burlaping a tree ◦ Helping a neighbor castrate pigs ◦ Cutting firewood with a chain saw ◦ Staking tomatoes