2. Vocabulary List 2 Find and define the following terms in your book (pgs 4-5; 83-87): ●Nomads ●Annuity ●Fetterman’s Massacre ( p 84) ●Indian Peace Commission (84) ●Ghost Dance (p 86) ●Assimilate ●Allotment ●Indian Reorganization Act (p 87)

3. Settling in the West 1862-1890 Conflict with Native Americans

4. I. Background ●A) Native American Culture ○Hundreds of diverse tribal nations across the US for centuries ○Had own form of democracy / social class

5. I. Background (Cont…) ●B) Warfare before Civil War ■French & Indian War 1761 ■USA Settlers used smallpox blankets ■8 million Indians lived in America before Columbus came. ■50% killed by smallpox.

6. I. Background (Cont…) ●B) Causes of Conflict (Cont..) ○1830 Trail of Tears - 5,000 died. Andrew Jackson’s Indian Removal Act

7. I. Background Video on Trail of Tears

8. I. Background (Cont…) ●B) Differing views on: ○Land Ownership ■No private property ■All share land ○Government ■Tribal Leaders did not represent all indians ■Settlers broke treaties with indians often

9. I. Background Indian Cessions throughout the Years:

10. II. Pressure to Assimilate ●A) US moves into Great Plains:: ○Young men want new life ○***Homestead Act - easy land ○Railroads - cheaper trvel ○Miners want Gold ●B) 150,000+ Indians forcibly moved into reservations ●C) Assimilation - a minority group’s adoption of the way of life of a dominating culture.

11. III. Notable Conflicts ●A) Fetterman’s Massacre ○Indians killed 80 soldiers on their way to gold mines in Montana ●B) Battle of Little Bighorn (General Custer’s Last Stand) ○Custer ignored orders ○Sioux Indians slaughter 200 US soldiers ○Public outcry after led to more troops going west ●C) Battle of Wounded Knee ○Ghost Dance - ritual celebrating day when whites go away and buffalo return ○Army goes after dancers because federal authority banned ceremony. ○300 indian men/women/children killed

12. IV. Buffalo Buffalo Buffalo ●Buffalo Domestication the way of life for INdians ●USA knew this, so they kill 30 million Buffalo ●Army encouraged it. Buffalo hides were sold in the East. ●Video on Buffalo useVideo on Buffalo use

13. V. Reservations ●A) Reservations set up worstland ○Crowded, unsanitary, no economic opportunity ○Regulated by the corrupt Bureau of Indian Affairs ●B) By 1890, all Native Americans defeated and in reservations

14. VI. Dawes Act of 1887 ●A) 1871 - Native Americans no longer own nation ●B) Dawes Act - Government attempt to assimilate ○Citizen if 25 years on land ○Allotted: ■160 Acres for families ■80 for single adults ■40 for each child ○BUT Indians do not farm. Sold land to speculators. ○THUS Indians lost 86 MILLION of their 130 million acres of land ●C) Could not sustain way of life without Buffalo. ○dependent on Buffalo for food, clothing, fuel and shelter.

15. Homework WIkipedia the following 5 terms. Write a brief summary for each term in your notebook. Quality > Quantity. 1) The Grange http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_National_Grange_of_the_Order_of_Patrons_of_Husbandry http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_National_Grange_of_the_Order_of_Patrons_of_Husbandry 2) People’s Party http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People's_Party_(United_States) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People's_Party_(United_States) 3) Coinage Act of 1973 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coinage_Act_of_1873 4) Cross of Gold Speech http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_of_Gold_speech http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_of_Gold_speech 5) Gold Reserve http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_reserve http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_reserve

16. Homework WIkipedia the following 5 terms. Write a brief summary for each term in your notebook. Quality > Quantity. 1) The Grange http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_National_Grange_of_the_Order_of_Patrons_of_Husbandry http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_National_Grange_of_the_Order_of_Patrons_of_Husbandry 2) People’s Party http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People's_Party_(United_States) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People's_Party_(United_States) 3) Coinage Act of 1973 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coinage_Act_of_1873 4) Cross of Gold Speech http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_of_Gold_speech http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_of_Gold_speech 5) Gold Reserve http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_reserve http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_reserve