1. Luther Leads the Reformation

2. Martin Luther 1483-1546

3. Martin Luther Friar in the Holy Roman Empire (Germany) Germany mainly Catholic Luther was a devoted Catholic In 1515 Luther was reading the Bible and came upon a quote: :The Just Shall live by Faith” Luther’s Interpretation: By Praying and fasting those are not the keys to salvation. Instead a strong faith in God was all that mattered.”

4. Luther Hoped he could Reform the Catholic Church 1517-Made thoughts public Against Indulgences Indulgences: Pardons from the Catholic Church for forgiveness of sins. October 31, 1517 Luther posted his 95 Theses; 95 criticisms of the Catholic Church.

5. Luther’s Teachings Salvation by Faith Alone;no good works needed. Bible as the only authority for Christian life; church traditions should not matter. The Priesthood of all believers; people did not need priests to interpret Bible.

6. Charles V opposed Martin Luther Charles V; Holy Roman Emperor Hapsburg Family Ruled Holy Roman Empire, parts of Italy, and Spain

7. The Edict of Worms 1521 Charles V summons Martin Luther to stand trial. Edict of Worms: Luther an outlaw and a heretic-no one in the empire was to give Luther food or shelter; all his books were to be burned

8. Overall Results of Edict of Worms Luther stayed in Germany for the next 25 years; stayed with the Prince of Wise Ideas were not stamped out; Pope was corrupt and people should not listen to him. Germans against Catholicism and the Pope. “9/10 of the people are shouting ‘Luther’ and the other tenth shouts ‘down with the Pope’

9. Results of Luther’s Reform Movements The Bible is translated to German by Luther. Town priests gave up colorful robes and called themselves MINISTERS. Services were given in German instead of Latin. Some clergy was allowed to marry.

10. Protestantism

11. England Becomes Protestant Henry VIII wants a male heir Catholic Church does not allow for a divorce; however Pope could annul but didn’t Reformation Parliament passes the Act of Supremacy Elizabeth I sets-up the Church of England or the Anglican Church Elizabeth faces many difficulties mostly from Philip II of Spain as well as monetary difficulties