1. Classical Greece 2000 B.C. – 300 B.C.

2. Bellwork ► What natural barriers did Greece have? ► Name one other civilizations with natural barrier, how did this effect trade in that civilization? ► What happens when trade happens between different cultures, besides exchanging goods?

3. Ancient Greece Included mainland and about 2,000 islands Greece culture was influenced by its proximity to the sea They didn’t have many natural resources, so they used the sea for resources & to trade with other cultures

4. First Greek civilizations ► Mycenaeans ► Minoans

5. Mycenaeans ► Mycenaeans settled in Mainland Greece around 2000 B.C. ► Located on the Mainland ► Ruled by king ► Grew wealthy from Trade ► Palaces surrounded by walls.

6. The Minoans Island of Crete Island of Crete Trading empire Trading empire Conquered by Mycenaeans Conquered by Mycenaeans Knossos- Palace where Minoan leaders lived. Knossos- Palace where Minoan leaders lived. Shrines- Places dedicated for gods. Shrines- Places dedicated for gods.

7. Minoans Mycenaens ► Large palaces ► Trading civilization ► Island civilization ► Farmers ► Built ships ► Bronze makers ► Small palaces ► Trading civilization ► Mainland civilization ► Influenced by Minoans ► Conquered Minoans during Trojan War

8. Greek City-States

9. Trade in Greece ► Traded mainly by sea ► Trading colonies in Europe, Asia, and Africa ► Islands traded grains, metals, fish, timber, and slaves ► Mainland traded win, olive oil, and pottery

10. Trade (cont’d) ► Did trade increase or decrease the spread of Greek culture? ► How could the difficulty of growing enough food be an advantage and disadvantage for the Greeks?

11. Greece ► Most people of Greece lived in city-states (kind of like an entire country in one city) ► There were several city-states throughout Greece ► A Greek city-state was called a polis ► Most of these city-states had less than 10,000 people living there (Gadsden’s pop is 37,000 right now)

12. Greece ► Most of the time, the people would meet at the polis’ acropolis to talk about government. ► Acropolis – a fortified hilltop (kind of like the capital) ► Men held all political power

13. Where were the important polis? ► Athens Sparta Corinth Delphi Miletus Marathon

14. Bellwork 1. What is a Greek City-State called? 2. What is one thing mainland Greece had to trade? 3. What is one thing that the island civilizations had to trade? 4. What was one reason that the city-states had different cultures?

15. Greek Government ► The Greek city-states had many different forms of government. ► Monarchy – when a King or Queen rules ► Oligarchy – when 2-3 people rule ► Tyrannies- 1 person (Tyrant) rules ► Democracy – when the people rule themselves

16. Monarchies ► 1 st city states were monarchies ► Greek Mythology shows numerous kings  Agamemnon and Thesus ► Dark ages wiped out most monarchies ► Sparta most famous Greek monarchy monarchy

18. Oligarchies ► Aristocrats-group of wealthy leaders ► Women could be involved ► Helped the rich, hurt the poor ► Most city states in Dark ages were oligarchies

20. Tyrannies ► City-states taken over by Tyrants. ► Tyrant-aristocrat who gained power by getting support of poor (bad king). ► Similar to a king, no legal rule. ► Good for poor, bad for rich

21. Tyrants Pisisratus Dionysos

22. Greek Democracy ► First democracy started in Athens ► The citizens participated directly in every political decision ► Influenced the governments of the most powerful nations in the world

23. ► https://www.brainpop.com/socialstud ies/worldhistory/democracy/ https://www.brainpop.com/socialstud ies/worldhistory/democracy/ https://www.brainpop.com/socialstud ies/worldhistory/democracy/

24. Bell work 1. Which type of government was ruled by a group of aristocrats? 2. Which Polis was the most famous Monarchy? 3. Which type of Government was run by a Tyrant?

25. Pop Quiz 1/29/15 1. Name the 2 main natural borders of Greece. 2. What City-state formed the first democracy? 3. True or False: Oligarchies supported the rich and not the poor. 4. What was the first type of government in Greece? 5. What 3 continents did Greece trade with? 6. What is the largest Greek Island?

26. ► How did Greece’s form of a democracy lead to the democracy we have today? ► Direct (Pure) Democracy- citizens decide and rule every aspect of government. ► Representative Democracy- citizens vote for,or elect, people to represent them in Congress or Senate

27. Greece vs U.S.A. ► Who can be a citizen? ► Who has the right to be a citizen? ► What are the rights of citizens? ► What are the responsibilities of citizens?

28. Bellwork ► If you were a citizen in Greece, which responsibility would you prefer to participate in, being involved in politics or defending your polis? Write a paragraph (4-5 sentence) explaining why.

29. Athens ► Capital of Greece ► Named after Greek Goddess Athena, goddess of wisdom and military victory

30. Athens ► Started as an Oligarchy. ► First democracy ► Ruled by the council of 500  Made up of 50 people from 10 tribes around Athens.  Chosen by a Lottery

32. Athens ► Where Olympics were created. ► Center of art, literature, and philosophy. ► Strong Navy.

34. Parthenon

35. Temple of Athena

36. Athens ► Education was important ► Boys went to school. Studied math, geometry, drawing, music, and public speaking. ► Girls didn’t attend school ► Athletics were important ► Spent part of each day doing athletic activities (P.E.) ► Military was important ► Boys had to go to military school to learn how to defend Athens

37. Women of Athens ► Not citizens ► Could not own property ► Could not vote ► Could not choose husbands ► Managed household ► Raised children ► Educated boys until 7 and girls until 15

38. 1 or 2 ► Hold up 1 if you agree and 2 if you disagree: 1. Boys were very well educated 2. Athenians did not care about athletics 3. Athenians valued art 4. People voted on who was in the Council of 500

39. Bellwork ► ► Which Greek Goddess was Athens named after? ► ► What area of the military did Athens focus on? ► ► What was the name of the group who ruled over Athens?

40. Sparta

41. Sparta ► Founded by the Dorians during Dark Age ► Gained land by conquering neighbors ► What differences can you see about Sparta and Athens from this map?

42. Sparta ► They had an Oligarchy. (ruled by 2 Kings, council of elders, and Ephors) ► Sparta did not think education was as important as the Athenians did. ► Only left Sparta for military purposes

43. Spartan Warrior

44. Sparta ► Sparta had the most powerful army in Greece ► Men trained to be in the military:  Age 7- began training in military camp.  Age 20- joined the regular army.  Age 30- could live at home while serving in military.  Age 60- left military and replaced by younger man.

45. Phalanx ► The phalanx was the most powerful fighting force in the world ► Spartan military formation made up of overlapping spears and connected shields.

46. Women of Sparta ► Wore simple clothes ► Similar lives to men ► Trained like the men ► Strong and healthy ► Expected to fight ► Looked after husbands property during war ► Could own property

47. Pick your Polis ► Write a paragraph (3-5) telling if you would rather live in Sparta or Athens. Tell me why you would want to live there ► Athenians to the left side of the room ► Spartans to the right ► Defend your Polis of choice

48. Exit ticket ► On a piece of paper tell me what you learned, what you want to know, and what you are confused on, about Sparta

49. Bell work ► What type of government did Sparta have? ► What fighting strategy did Sparta use when linking shields together? ► Which group of women had more rights: Athenians or Spartans? ► What were the Spartan women expected to do when the men were out fighting? ► When was the only time people could leave Sparta?

50. Athens vs Sparta Athens ► Polytheistic ► Strong navy ► Valued knowledge, education, and Politics ► Democracy ► Traded by sea ► Only Men were citizens Sparta ► Polytheistic ► Strong Army ► Valued strong military and obedience ► Oligarchy ► Did not trade ► Only men were citizens

51. Women of Greece Women of Athens Women of Sparta ► Not Citizens ► Could not vote ► Could not own property ► Took care of house ► Educated their daughters ► Educated in household tasks ► Not citizens ► Could not vote ► Trained like men ► Could own property ► Took care of husbands property during battle ► Expected to fight ► Educated daughters ► Educated in reading, writing, and athletics

52. Slaves of Greece Slaves of Athens Slaves of Sparta ► Not Citizens ► Born into slavery or captured during war. ► Some ran households ► Tutored children ► Worked in Mines and Farms ► Could not marry ► Slaves for life ► Not Citizens ► Conquered by the Spartans ► More slaves than citizens ► Had some rights ► Could marry anyone they wanted ► Could sell master’s extra crops ► Could buy freedom

53. Sparta or Athens ► Ruled by an oligarchy ► Had the strongest navy ► Women were trained to fight ► Women were in charge of the household tasks ► Valued education ► Men could only be citizens ► Women could own property ► Slaves were captured from other civilizations ► Isolated city state ► Polytheistic

54. Compare and contrast ► Write a paragraph talking about the opposite city state than you did yesterday. Talk about the government, military, and citizens. ► Turn to your turn and talk partner and share some things you wrote about that city state. ► Turn back to your turn and talk partner and discuss how Sparta and Athens are similar. ► Write 3 sentences telling me their similarities.