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U.S. History - Chapter 2: The New Republic Section 4: War of 1812
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Gearing Up For War Embargo Act (1807): Stop trade with any country. Nonintercourse Act (1809): Resumed trade with all countries except Britain and France.
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Battling Native Americans Tecumseh: Wanted to united Indian tribes against Americans. Battle of Tippecanoe (IN) (1811): Indians were defeated by forces led by William Henry Harrison.
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War Hawks Demand War John C. Calhoun and Henry Clay push for war against British. British are helping Indians and giving them ammunition. President James Madison urged war in June 1812.
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Invasion of Canada U.S. invaded repeatedly in 1812 and 1813. “We can take Canada without soldiers. We only have to officers…and the people…will rally around our standard.” – William Eustis, U.S. Secretary of War. U.S. was unsuccessful each time. Canadians attacked U.S. soldiers.
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Defeating the Native Americans Oliver Hazard Perry: U.S. Navy Commander. Hero of Battle of Lake Erie (1813). Helped take U.S. forces take Detroit in 1813.
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Defeating the Native Americans Andrew Jackson “Old Hickory” Attacked Indians all over the South. Especially successful in Florida.
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British Invade British invade America in early 1814 after defeating Napoleon. Head for Washington, D.C.
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British Invade British burn most federal buildings in Washington in retaliation for U.S. invading Canada. Thunderstorm saves city.
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British Invade Francis Scott Key: Wrote “The Star Spangled Banner” in 1814 while watching attack on Fort McHenry in Baltimore. Part of prisoner exchange negotiations. Familiar with British strategy, not allowed to leave,
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War’s Aftermath and Effects Battle of New Orleans (1815): Fought after the war was over. American victory-Andrew Jackson. Treaty of Ghent (1814): Ended war. Era of Good Feelings and end of the Federalist Party as a result.
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Hartford Convention December 1814 meeting in Hartford, Connecticut. Federalists from New England discussed succession from United States.
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Nation Continues to Grow New states: Indiana (1816), Mississippi (1817), Illinois (1818), Alabama (1819).
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Adams-Onis Treaty (1819) Settled boundary dispute between U.S. and Spain. United States gains control of Florida.
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