2. WHERE IS IT ? It is inWestern South America and borders the South Pacific Ocean and is between Chile and Ecuador : Here it is!

3. Food & diet Diet The main staples in the diet include rice, beans, fish, and a variety of tropical fruits. Soups are common. Corn, native to Peru, is the main staple among the Indians. Cebiche (raw fish seasoned with lemon and vinegar) is popular on the coast. Food Here’s a Peruvian dish: Cupos (Ground Beef Peruvian Dish) Main Dish Recipe Ingredients 1 Head cabbage 1 Lb. ground beef 3 onions 1/2 Lb. rice (white) 5 Pieces bay leaf 4 Cans tomato sauce 2 Long sausages (pork or beef) Recipe Directions 1. Boil cabbage, takes about 30 minutes. 2. Take cabbage and start peeling the leaves. 3. Ground beef and rice; put in the cabbage. 4. Mix tomato sauce and chopped onions together with bay leaves. 5. Cook the ground beef until turn brown. 6. Mix sauce and meat together. 7. Cut sausages in small portion. 8. Let it cook for 45 minutes, then ready to eat.

4. PHYSICAL FEATURES Peru has many features. A few of these include mountains, rivers, lakes, and rain forests. Mountains One mountain range in Peru is the Andes. The Andes Mountains are located in Peru, running north to south along the western coast of the continent. The latitude is 10° N. to 57 ° S. The longitude is 70° W. to 80° E. Rivers The main source of water in Peru is the Amazon River. The Amazon river is partially in Peru and the portion that is, has 3 tributaries, and they are The Maranon, The Huallaga, and The Ucayali.

5. CLIMATE & BIOMES Peru’s climate is rather vague. It’s hot in the west and cool in the centre where the mountains are, and is humid in the east. Peru can be hot, cold, wet or dry or anything in between. In the rainforests it can have up to 7.9 inches of rainfall per year.

6. THE FLAG The flag of Peru is a vertical triband with red outer bands and a single white middle band. Flags displayed by the government incorporate the national coat of arms in the centre. The flag was adopted on February 25 1825. The colours are said to symbolize the Incas and their lasting impact on the country. The coat of arms (not shown on the national flag) features a llama and cinchona tree, important symbols of Peru, and a cornucopia tree representing mineral wealth Red represents blood shed for independence White symbolises peace and purity Cinchona tree (the source of quinine) represents flora. Vicuña (pronounced 'vy-Q-nya) in the coat of arms represents fauna, freedom, national pride and heroism. Yellow cornucopia spilling out gold coins stands for Peru's mineral wealth. The wreath of palm and laurel branches stands for liberty and freedom

7. CURRENCY The currency for Peru is the Peruvian sol. The current coins were introduced in 1991 in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, and 50 cents and 1 Sol. The 2 and 5 Sol coins were added in 1994. Although 1 and 5 cent coins are officially in circulation, they are very rarely used. For this reason, the 1-cent coin was removed from circulation as of May 1, 2011. For cash transactions, retailers must round down to the nearest zero, or up to the nearest 5 cent. Electronic transactions will still be processed in the exact amount. An aluminium one-cent coin was introduced in December 2005. A five-cent coin in 2007. All coins show the coat of arms of Peru surrounded by the text Banco Central de Reserva del Perú (Central Reserve Bank of Peru) on the obverse. The reverse of all coins shows the denomination. Included in the design of the bi-metallic 2 and 5 Sol coins are the hummingbird and condor figures from the Nazca Lines.

8. POPULATION Peru ended 2015 with a population of 31,148,000 people, which represents an increase of 339,000 people compared to 2014. The female population is greater, with 15,500,829 women, representing 50.05% of the total, compared to 15,472,319 or 49.95% men. Peru shows a moderate population density, with 24 people per square km and in the ranking of population density of countries in 2015, it was in 43 rd position.

9. RELIGION The predominant religion is Roman Catholic, but there is a scattering of other Christian faiths. Indigenous Peruvians, however, have blended Catholicism and their traditional beliefs. An example is the near synonymous association of Pacha Mama (Mother Earth) and the Virgin Mary. The Peruvian government is closely allied with the Catholic Church. Article 50 of the Constitution recognizes the Catholic Church's role as "an important element in the historical, cultural, and moral development of the nation." Catholic clergy and laypersons receive state remuneration in addition to the stipends paid to them by the Church. This applies to the country's 52 bishops, as well as to some priests whose ministries are located in towns and villages along the borders. In addition each diocese receives a monthly institutional subsidy from the Government. An agreement signed with the Vatican in 1980 grants the Catholic Church special status in Peru. The Catholic Church receives preferential treatment in education, tax benefits, immigration of religious workers, and other areas, in accordance with the agreement. Protestants As of 2013 there were approximately 10 to 11% of the population identifying themselves as Protestants, mainly Evangelicals (in Latin America most Protestants are called Evangelicos). They continue to grow faster than the national growth rate.

10. HISTORY Peru was once part of the great Incan Empire and later the major vice-royalty of Spanish South America. It was conquered in 1531–1533 by Francisco Pizarro. On July 28, 1821, Peru proclaimed its independence, but the Spanish were not finally defeated until 1824. For a hundred years thereafter, revolutions were frequent; a new war was fought with Spain in 1864–1866, and an unsuccessful war was fought with Chile from 1879 to 1883 (the War of the Pacific). Peru emerged from 20 years of dictatorship in 1945 with the inauguration of President José Luis Bustamente y Rivero after the first free election in many decades. But he served for only three years and was succeeded in turn by Gen. Manuel A. Odria, Manuel Prado y Ugarteche, and Fernando Belaúnde Terry. On Oct. 3, 1968, Belaúnde was overthrown by Gen. Juan Velasco Alvarado. In 1975, Velasco was replaced in a bloodless coup by his prime minister, Gen. Francisco Morales Bermudez, who promised to restore civilian government. In elections held on May 18, 1980, Belaúnde Terry, the last civilian president, was elected president again.

11. ETHNIC PEOPLE Peru is a multi ethnic country, which means that it is home to people of many different historical backgrounds. Therefore, it is a multicultural country as well. Since it is a multi ethnic society, Peruvian people usually treat their nationality as a citizenship instead of an ethnicity. The Peruvian census does not contain information about ethnicity so only rough estimates are available.

12. TRADE & INDUSTRY The main industry in Peru is mining. It is one of the largest producers of copper, zinc and gold in the world. It has large deposits of oil and is a producer of crude petroleum, petroleum products, coffee, potatoes, mangoes, asparagus, textile and fishmeal. It’s main market is the USA which accounts for 23.6% of it’s total exports followed by the EU with 18.9% China 11% Chile 7.7% and Canada 5.5%.