1. Nouns and Pronouns

2. Nouns Common Noun – person, place, thing, or idea – Ex: woman, city, car Proper Noun – particular person, place, thing, or idea – Ex: Ms. Carney, Pittsburgh, Ford

3. Nouns Concrete Noun – person, place, or thing that can be perceived by one or more of the senses (5 senses: see, hear, feel, smell, taste) – Ex: tree, child, bicycle Abstract Noun – names an idea, feeling, a quality, or characteristic – Ex: confusion, thought, bravery

4. Nouns Compound Noun – consists of two or more words that together name a person, place, thing, or idea. It can be written in one word, separate words, or hyphenated word – Ex: highway, Bill of Rights, brother-in-law Collective Noun – names a group of people, animals, or things – Ex: committee, crew, family, group

5. Pronouns and Antecedents Pronoun – takes place of one or more nouns or pronouns – Ex: Lisa showed her dad how to use the computer. Computers had always baffled him. Antecedent – word or word group that a pronoun stands for – Ex: Lisa is the antecedent of her, and dad is the antecedent of him.

6. Pronouns Personal Pronoun – refers to one(s) speaking (1 st person), the one(s) spoken to (2 nd person), or the one(s) spoken about (3 rd person) – Ex: Did Dad tell you about my plans? Reflexive Pronoun – refers to subject of a sentence and functions as a complement or object. – Ex: She bought herself a new dress. He finished the test by himself.

7. Pronouns Intensive pronoun: emphasizes its antecedent and has no grammatical function in the sentence. – Ex: They worked the puzzle themselves. Demonstrative pronoun: points out a person, place, thing, or idea – Ex: All of the paintings were good, but those were the best.

8. Pronouns Interrogative pronoun: introduces a question – Ex: What are you doing for your birthday? Relative pronoun: introduces a subordinate clause. – Ex: The coat that I just bought is green. – Subordinate clause: that, which, whenever, who, whoever, whom, whose, wh.osever, whomever

9. Pronouns Indefinite pronoun: refers to a person, place, idea, or thing that may or may not be specifically named. – Ex: a few of the sandwiches are left if anyone would like more to eat. – List: all, any, anybody, both, each, everyone, everything, few, many, more, neither, nobody, none, no one, one, other, several, some, somebody.