1. GEOCENTRIC vs. HELIOCENTRIC

2. What’s in Our Solar System? Our Solar System consists of a central star (the Sun), the nine planets orbiting the sun, moons, asteroids, comets, meteors, interplanetary gas, dust, and all the “space” in between them. The nine planets of the Solar System are named for Greek and Roman Gods and Goddesses.

3. Age of Enlightenment A cultural movement of intellectuals in the 17th and 18th centuries, which began first in Europe and later in the American colonies. Its purpose was to reform (change) the way of thinking using reason, challenge related to tradition and faith, and advance knowledge through the scientific method.

4. It starts with Scientific Revolution The Enlightenment started with the Scientific Revolution People started to question ideas that had been accepted as facts for hundreds of years

5. Back then, all knowledge came from the Catholic Church The Catholic Church and the Bible were the source of what was true and false in the world.

6. The Inquisition A group of decentralized institutions within the judicial system of the Roman Catholic Church whose aim was to "fight against heretics

7. “Heresy” denial of a revealed truth by a member of the Roman Catholic Church

8. GEOCENTRIC GEO = EARTHCENTRIC = CENTER They believed the Earth was the center of the universe

9. Aristotle Geocentric Theory Theorized that Earth was at the center of the universe, and all other heavenly bodies are attached and the rotate around the Earth. Greek Philosopher & Scientist

10. Ptolemy Supports Aristotle’s theory Ptolemy argued that the Earth was at the center of the universe, from the simple observation that half the stars were above the horizon and half were below the horizon at any time known as a Mathematician and Scientist

11. HELIOCENTRIC HELIO = SUNCENTRIC = CENTER They believed the sun is the center of the universe

12. Nicolaus Copernicus Theorized that all the objects in the solar system revolve about the sun and therefore the sun is the center of the universe. Renaissance Mathematician and Astronomer

13. Galileo Galilei supports Copernicus’ theory Given credit for creating the first telescope. Galileo's observations using the telescope strengthened his belief in Copernicus' theory that Earth and all other planets revolve around the Sun. Italian Astronomer

14. Galileo Galileo wrote about his observations and thus angered the Roman Catholic Church. The Church eventually placed him under house arrest. The Inquisition was the tribunal of the Roman Catholic Church at this time. The Inquisition made Galileo kneel before them and confess that the heliocentric theory was false.

15. Galileo was right all along In 1992, the Roman Catholic Church finally repealed the ruling of the Inquisition against Galileo. The Church gave a pardon to Galileo and admitted that the heliocentric theory was correct. This pardon came 350 years after Galileo's death.

16. Johannes Kepler Three laws of planetary motion 1. The Planets move in orbits about the Sun that are ellipses path. 2. The planets move such that the line between the Sun and the Planet sweeps out the same area in the same area in the same time no matter where in the orbit. 3. The square of the period of the orbit of a planet is proportional to the mean distance from the Sun cubed. German Mathematician and Astronomer

17. Sir Isaac Newton derived the 3 laws of motion gravitation between two masses. Earth's surface causes a 9.8 m/s/s acceleration of any object placed there, we often call this ratio the acceleration of gravity. http://teachertech.rice.edu/Participants/louviere/N ewton/law1.html English Physicist and Mathematician

18. Let’s Review

19. Geocentric Key Ideas: Key Ideas: – “Geo” = Earth – “Centric” = Center “Earth-centered” “Earth-centered” – Earth is the center of the solar system – Earth is stationary (not moving) and everything is moving around us and everything is moving around us In your ISN, draw a picture of what the geocentric model looks like… what the geocentric model looks like…

20. Heliocentric Key Ideas: Key Ideas: – “Helio” = Sun – “Centric” = Center “Sun-centered” “Sun-centered” – The Sun is the center of the solar system – Earth rotates on its own axis AND revolves around the Sun In your ISN, draw a picture of what the heliocentric model looks like…

21. 1. draw, name and describe in words the two theories of the solar system. 2. Put a star next to the one that has been proven the accurate model of the solar system. 3. Name the two scientists who came up with the CORRECT solar system model theory. Closing