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Chapter 6, Section 4: THE CULTURE OF ISLAM Global Studies I
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KEY TERMS minareta tower on a mosque muezzina crier who calls the faithful to prayer arabesquegeometric patterns that decorated Islamic works of art
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PEOPLE TO IDENTIFY Ibn-Rushd philosopher who wrote commentary on virtually all of Aristotle’s surviving works Ibn Sina philosopher and scientist who wrote a medical encyclopedia Ibn-Khaldun Islamic scholar who sought to find a scientific basis for the political and social factors that determine the course of history. Omar Khayyám Persian poet, mathematician, and astronomer; wrote Rubaiyat
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ORGANIZING YOUR THOUGHTS Islamic Achievements Philosophy Translated the works of Plato and Aristotle; wrote commentaries on each. Math Adopted and passed on the numerical system of India, which became known as the Arabic system; Iranians created algebra Astronomy Set up an observatory at Baghdad; named many stars and improved the astrolabe Medicine Developed medicine as a field of science; Ibn Sina’s medical encyclopedia became a medical textbook in medieval Europe History Ibn-Khaldun wrote Muqaddimah (Introduction to history) Architecture Built many great mosques; including the Great Mosque at Samarra – famous for its minaret and beautiful palaces – like the Alhambra in Spain Literature Rubaiyat and the Arabian Nights – passed on orally at first and later written down
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What was the House of Wisdom? A library where translations were read and studied
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