2. Index

3. 1 PART 01

4. 01 AC-DC Converter PZT Power Management Unit mc1 mc2 Thermoelectric Generator Charge Pump Load mc1 mc2 MPPT Control Unit En Vv Vt

5. 2 PART 02

6. 02

9. VDD=1.5tt Gain 104.73dB 3-dB Fre 109.65Hz UGF 239.88KHz

10. 02 VDD=1.5tt Idiss 83.76nA

11. 02 VDD=1.5tt ICMR 0.8~1.5V

12. 02 VDD=1.5tt CMRR 84.66dB

13. 02 VDD=1.5tt PSRR+ 90.28dB

14. 02 VDD=1.5tt PSRR- 91.65dB

15. 02 VDD=1.5tt Offset V 32.38uV

16. 02

17. VDD=3tt Gain 74.01dB 3-dB Fre 10.47kHz UGF 1.86MHz

18. 02 VDD=3tt Idiss 2.43uA

19. 02 VDD=3tt ICMR 1.33~3V

20. 02 VDD=3tt CMRR 97.14dB

21. 02 VDD=3tt PSRR+ 100.08dB

22. 02 VDD=3tt PSRR- 93.69dB

23. 02 VDD=3tt Offset V 47.61uV

24. 06 VDD1.5V3V Gain(dB) 104.72974.01 Band Width(Hz) 109.6510.47k UGF(kHz) 239.881.86M ICMR(V) 0.8~1.5V1.33~3V Offset Voltage(uV) 32.3847.61 PSRR(dB) + 90.28100.68 - 91.6593.69 CMRR(dB) 84.6697.14 Current Consumption(A) 83.76n2.43u

25. 3 PART 03

26. 03

28. ttssff Output Voltage & VDD sensitivity

29. 03 tt ff ss Temperature Coefficient

30. 03 tt ff ss Current Consumption

31. 03 VDD = 1.3V

32. 03 VDD=1.3VSSTTFF Output Voltage(mV) 872.5759667 VDD sensitivity(%/V) 1.041.190.6 Temperature Coefficient @-20 ℃ ~80 ℃ (ppm/ ℃ ) 147.6 -67 (@-20℃~27℃) -158.8 61 (@27℃~80℃) Current Consumption(nA) 473.5328231

33. 03 VDD=1.5VSSTTFF Output Voltage(mV) 872760667 VDD sensitivity(%/V) 0.991.190.61 Temperature Coefficient @-20 ℃ ~80 ℃ (ppm/ ℃ ) 145 -66 (@-20℃~28℃) -161 62 (@28℃~80℃) Current Consumption(nA) 469327229

34. 03

35. ssttff Output Current

36. 02 ttff ss VDD sensitivity

37. 03 ffttss Temperature Coefficient

38. 03 VDD = 1.3V

39. 03 VDD=1.3VSSTTFF Output Current(nA) 238165.3115.6 VDD sensitivity(%/V) 0.030.350.84 Temperature Coefficient @-20 ℃ ~80 ℃ (ppm/ ℃ ) 429154526930 Current Consumption(nA) 473.5328231

40. 02 VDD=1.5VSSTTFF Output Current(nA) 235.8163.8114.67 VDD sensitivity(%/V) 0.030.220.53 Temperature Coefficient @-20 ℃ ~80 ℃ (ppm/ ℃ ) 428454466912 Current Consumption(nA) 469327229

41. 03

43. I OSC = 47.8nA I AMP = 143.3nA I comp = 305.16nA

44. 03

46. 1.04V

47. 03 CornersSSTTFF Starting Voltage of POR (V) 1.121.040.91 Temperatures-202780 Starting Voltage of POR (V) 2.081.040.66

48. 03 8 :1 W 4u L 2u W 1u L 25u W 1u L 50u W 30u L

49. 03

50. Cycle (ms) 10.50 Frequency (Hz) 95.2 Duty cycle (%) 55.05

51. 03 I DISS (nW) 55.5

52. 03

53. Cycle (ms) 10.61 Frequency (Hz) 94.2 Duty cycle (%) 55.1

54. 03 I DISS (nW) 56

55. 03

57. CLK MC 128 cycle CLK Cycle (ms) 10.68 MC Cycle (s) 1.367

58. 03

59. 사이즈변화

60. 03 V SP,IN MC V SP,OUT

61. 03 Discharged Voltage Sampling Voltage

62. 03 Capacitance(pF)102030 Sampling Voltage (mV) 374.95374.98 Discharge Voltage (uV) Δ 4.05Δ 0.94Δ 0.33

63. 03

64. V SP,IN MC V SP,OUT

65. 03 Discharged Voltage = 0.64uV Sampling Voltage = 374.98mV

66. 03

68. Gain 61.64 dB 3dB-freq 478.63 Hz UGF 306.9 kHz PM 82°

69. 03 ICMR+ 380.5mV ICMR- 15.5mV

70. 03 DC Sweep Output Swing 6.67mV~805mV

71. 03 PSRR+ PSRR- PSRR+ 70dB PSRR- 82dB

72. 03 CMRR 70dB

73. 03 VDD=1.3VSSTTFF Gain(dB) 57.561.6462.2 Band Width(Hz) 443.6478.63476.4 UGF(kHz) 173.4306.9336.5 Phase Margin(°) 798283 ICMR(mV) 13.5~31015.5~380.515.5~510.3 Output Swing(mV) 8~831.26.67~8055.89~782.3 PSRR(dB) + 527095 - 75.28284 CMRR(dB) 527084.8 Current Consumption(uA) 1.031.041.03

74. 03 VDD=1.3V-20°C27°C80°C Gain(dB) 61.361.6460 Band Width(Hz) 474.2478.63462.4 UGF(kHz) 265.5306.9283.8 Phase Margin(°) 818280 ICMR(mV) 12.5~348.715.5~380.529~470.6 Output Swing(mV) 4.9~8596.67~8059.3~760 PSRR(dB) + 557088.2 - 79.588281.3 CMRR(dB) 557081.6 Current Consumption(uA) 1.011.041.06

75. 03 Gain 62.2 dB 3dB-freq 478.6 Hz UGF 328.1 kHz PM 83°

76. 03 ICMR+ 585.2mV ICMR- 13.2mV

77. 03 DC Sweep Output Swing 6.74mV~819mV

78. 03 PSRR+ PSRR- PSRR+ 120dB PSRR- 82.5dB

79. 03 CMRR 89dB

80. 03 VDD=1.5VSSTTFF Gain(dB) 61.862.262.4 Band Width(Hz) 462.4478.6462.4 UGF(kHz) 313328.1357.27 Phase Margin(°) 8283 ICMR(mV) 6.1~51013.2~585.25.9~695.8 Output Swing(mV) 7.85~8456.74~8195.8~796.5 PSRR(dB) + 93120103 - 8182.583.6 CMRR(dB) 1248990.1 Current Consumption(uA) 1.081.061.05

81. 03 VDD=1.5V-20°C27°C80°C Gain(dB) 6462.261.2 Band Width(Hz) 455478.678 UGF(kHz) 369.8328.170 Phase Margin(°) 858371.3 ICMR(mV) 10~539.213.2~585.225.3~656.6 Output Swing(mV) 4.8~8756.74~8199.4~771.6 PSRR(dB) + 99120103 - 83.582.581.3 CMRR(dB) 87.589 Current Consumption(uA) 1.051.061.07

82. 03

83. Gain 5.89 dB Magnitude 1.97 V/V 3dB-freq 144.54 kHz

84. 03 Output Swing 16.6mV~772.8mV

85. 03 Output Swing 550.5mV~772.8mV Input Swing 275.2mV~474.9mV

86. 03 VDD=1.3VSSTTFF Gain(dB) 65.89 동작 안 함 Magnitude (V/V) 1.9981.97 Band Width(Hz) 118.85144.54 Output Swing(mV) 19.75~868.4516.6~772.8 Current Consumption(uA) 1.070.98

87. 03 VDD=1.3V-20°C27°C80°C Gain(dB) 동작 안 함 5.896dB Magnitude (V/V) 1.971.99 Band Width(kHz) 144.54221.82 Output Swing(mV) 16.6~772.830.48~928.6 Current Consumption(uA) 0.981.29

88. 03 Gain 5.95 dB Magnitude 1.98 V/V 3dB-freq 193.64 kHz

89. 03 Output Swing 16.94mV~796mV

90. 03 Output Swing 549.88mV~796mV Input Swing 275.2mV~474.48mV

91. 03 VDD=1.5VSSTTFF Gain(dB) 65.95 동작 안 함 Magnitude (V/V) 1.9951.98 Band Width(Hz) 211.84193.64 Output Swing(mV) 20.14~896.3216.94~796 Current Consumption(uA) 1.141.02

92. 03 VDD=1.5V-20°C27°C80°C Gain(dB) 동작 안 함 5.956 Magnitude (V/V) 1.981.995 Band Width(Hz) 193.64223.36 Output Swing(mV) 16.94~79630.9~954.5 Current Consumption(uA) 1.021.32

93. 03

94. MC Sampler Out V MPP.MAX /4 Amp Out CLK V MPP.MIN /4

95. 03

97. Gain 78.1 dB 3dB-freq 447.7 Hz UGF 230.7 kHz

98. 03 Hysteresis 20mV

99. 03 ICMR+ 400mV ICMR- 12.45mV

100. 03 PSRR+ 80.1dB PSRR- 98.3dB PSRR- PSRR+

101. 09 CMRR 98dB

102. 09 VDD=1.3VSSTTFF Gain(dB) 76.178.179.67 Band Width(Hz) 462.4447.7307 UGF(kHz) 159.6230.7252.9 Hysteresis(mV) 20 ICMR(mV) 6.3~290.512.45~4006.1~490.8 PSRR(dB) + 100.280.179.8 - 86.798.3100.9 CMRR(dB) 7898121 Current Consumption(nA) 316.7324324.7

103. 09 VDD=1.3V324-20°C27°C80°C Gain(dB) 77.278.179.4 Band Width(Hz) 469.9447.7462.4 UGF(kHz) 224.91230.7205.6 Hysteresis(mV) 20 ICMR(mV) 6.3~326.3812.45~40013.2~464.8 PSRR(dB) + 85.480.179.8 - 92.698.3106.8 CMRR(dB) 81.798115.55 Current Consumption(nA) 320324500.7

104. 09 Gain 80.4 dB 3dB-freq 448.6 Hz UGF 255.2 kHz

105. 09 Hysteresis 20mV

106. 09 ICMR+ 565mV ICMR- 10mV

107. 09 PSRR+ 80.6dB PSRR- 95.6dB PSRR- PSRR+

108. 09 CMRR 129.2dB

109. 09 VDD=1.5VSSTTFF Gain(dB) 79.6680.480.6 Band Width(Hz) 446.7478.6469.9 UGF(kHz) 246255.2261.8 Hysteresis(mV) 20 ICMR(mV) 5.6~48210~5655.6~640.1 PSRR(dB) + 79.880.681 - 101.895.694.4 CMRR(dB) 120129.2133.3 Current Consumption(nA) 324.9324.6324.85

110. 09 VDD=1.5V-20°C27°C80°C Gain(dB) 79.780.480.9 Band Width(Hz) 469.9478.6431.5 UGF(kHz) 283255.2227 Hysteresis(mV) 20 ICMR(mV) 5.6~511.310~5656.3~640 PSRR(dB) + 79.880.681.3 - 99.395.692.7 CMRR(dB) 124.7129.2132 Current Consumption(nA) 324.8324.6324.4

111. 09 비교기 출력 MC1MC2 1 (VIB>TEG) MC1 0 (VIB<TEG) 1MC

112. 4 PART 04

113. 04

114. Type 1 Schematic C L =1nF, R L =10MΩ Frequency=800KHz Vin=1.5V

115. 04 Type 2 Schematic C L =1nF, R L =10MΩ Frequency=800KHz Vin=1.5V

116. 04 Type 3 Schematic C L =1nF, R L =10MΩ Frequency=800KHz Vin=1.5V

117. 04 STAGE SW SIZE – W (m) Cap (F) Total Cap (F) Vcp (V) Type1 55u2p8p3.06 Type2 45u2p8p4.02 Type3 55u2p8p3.25 R L =10MΩ C L =1nF, Vin=1.5V, Frequency=800KHz

118. 04 Type 2 > Type1 > Type 3 Type2 Type3 Type1 Type2 Type3

119. 04 C L =1nF, Vin=1.5V, Frequency=800KHz Type 2

120. 04 C L =1nF, R L =10MΩ, Frequency=800KHz Type 2

121. 04 C L =1nF, R L =10MΩ, Vin=1.5V Type 2

122. 04 Voltage Booster Test Schematic Total (Voltage Booster) Schematic

123. 04 Buffer Oscillator

124. 04 523.79KHz Clock 발생 전류소모 : 3.444uA

125. 04 Ideal Clock Test 3.84V 3.6V C L =1nF R L =10MΩ Vin=1.5V

126. 5 PART 05

127. 05

129. Vref=772.16mV TT Vref=666.9mV FF Vref=877.6mV SS

130. 05 Negative TC =-60.94ppm/℃ Positive TC =52.06ppm/℃ TT FF SS TC=-180.7ppm/℃ TC=162.8ppm/℃

131. 05 TT FF SS VDD=1.8VSSTTFF ㅿ V(2~3V) 5.9mV5.4mV5mV VDD sensitivity 0.7%/V 0.8%/V

132. 05 TT FF SS 291.7nA 427.9nA 200.5nA

133. 05 TT FF SS Iref=166.7nA Iref=244.8nA Iref=114.3nA

134. 05 TC=5578.6ppm/℃ TT FF SS TC=7140.3ppm/℃ TC=4370.5ppm/℃

135. 05 TT FF SS VDD=1.8VSSTTFF ㅿ V(2~3V) 6.1nA5.2nA4.5n VDD sensitivity 2.5%/A3.1%/A3.9%/A

136. 05 VDD=1.8VSSTTFF Output Voltage(mV) 877.6762666.9 VDD sensitivity(%/V) 0.7 0.8 Temperature coefficient @-20 ℃ ~80 ℃ (ppm/ ℃ ) 162.8 -58.3 (@-20℃~27℃) -180.7 51.1 (@27℃~80℃) Current Consumption(nA) 427.9291.7200.5

137. 05 VDD=1.8VSSTTFF Output Current(nA) 244.8166.7114.3 VDD sensitivity(%/A) 2.53.13.9 Temperature coefficient @-20 ℃ ~80 ℃ (ppm/ ℃ ) 4370.55578.67140.3

138. 05

139. Gain=74.3dB 3-dB Fre=172.7kHz UGF=16.6MHzf

140. 05 ICMR=0~785.5mV

141. 05 ICMR=0~785.5mV

142. 05 PSRR(+)=128dBPSRR(-)=158dB

143. 05 CMRR=93.8dB

144. 05 Hysteresis=10mV

145. 05 VDD=1.8VSSTTFF Gain 73.17dB74.3dB 75.14dB 3 dB-Freq 170kHz172.7kHz 141.6kHz UGF 14MHzf16.6MHzf 16.7MHzf ICMR 0~657.4mV0~785.5mV0~850mV PSRR(+) 116.3dB128dB142.6dB PSRR(-) 156dB158.2dB159dB CMRR 79.4dB93.8dB111.7dB Hysteresis 10mV

146. 05 VDD=1.8V -20 ℃ 27 ℃ 80 ℃ Gain 74.72dB74.3dB 73.74dB 3 dB-Freq 128.8kHz172.7kHz 199.5kHz UGF 15.14MHzf16.6MHzf 17MHzf ICMR 0~836.5mV0~785.5mV0~638mV PSRR(+) 142.4dB128dB116.7dB PSRR(-) 160.4dB158.2dB155.2dB CMRR 110.1dB93.8dB81.3dB Hysteresis 10mV

147. 05

148. TT FF SS

149. 05 VDD=3VSSTTFF Starting voltage Of POR(V) 1.191.61.14

150. 05

151. VLoad EN Vref POR VDD

152. 05 EN MIN OUT MIN MAX OUT MAX

153. 6 PART 06

154. 06 1. S. Abelaziz 외, “A Low Start-up Voltage Charge Pump for Energy Harvesting Application”, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, 2012, p. 2. 2. 윤은정, “Design of Triple-inputEnergy Harvesting Circuit with MPPT Control”, 2012, pp.40-50. 3. pp. 51-52. 4. 위의 책, p. 56. 5. 위의 책, p.84. 6. 위의 책, pp,145-166. 7. 박진영, “Charge pump 의 비교 분석과 저전압용 고효율 Charge pump 설 계 및 분석 ”, 2007, p.56.