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Published byCarmella Greene Modified over 8 years ago
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The American Dream
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Graduation rates What is the percentage of first generation students who will not earn an undergraduate degree within six years of starting their degree???
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Social differences/ disparities
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Social stratification O A system of social standing, social stratification refers to a society’s categorization of its people into rankings on socioeconomic tiers based on factors like wealth, income, race, education and power
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Patterns of inequality
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Stratification as a social pattern O Individuals are unequal O Systematic differences – based on group membership O Class O Race O Structure of the society affects person’s standing – social stratification is created and supported by society as a whole
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Stratification based on what society values
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Family is the key source of social standing O Families pass social position O Cultural resources O Children inherit social norms – cultural capital
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Systems of stratifications
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Indian caste system
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Class system is an open system of stratification O A class consists of a set of people who share similar status based on: O Income O Wealth O Education O Occupation
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Class is a open system of stratification O Occupations are not fixed at birth O Exogamous marriages O High social mobility
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Meritocracy
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Status consistency and inconsistency O Status consistency O Income O Social status O Power O If you have higher on one then you are high on other. O Caste system has high status consistency.
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US stratification and mobility O Overall economic growth and better standard of living. O Class mobility is possible
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United states is an highly unequal society O WHY?? O 1% of population holds 1/3 nations wealth. O Feminization of poverty O Wage stagnation
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United states is an highly unequal society O Inequalities of social status O Status attached to occupations O Income made by different professionals O High rates of poverty (40 million people on food stamps)
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US class structure
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How does the upper class look? O Power – corporate leaders O Important decision makers O Media owner – shape public opinions O Board members of universities – culture O Socialites and celebrities
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Middle class O Upper and lower middle class O Professional degrees O Lower middle class carry less prestige O Comfortable living
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Lower class O Working Class O Working poor
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The underclass
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Graduation rates 1.More than 1.3 million students drop out of high school every year in the US. 2.More than 20% of dropouts are foreign born. Another 17% are Hispanic students. 3.A high-school dropout is ineligible for 90% of jobs in America. 4.Kids who don't read proficiently by 4th grade are 4 times likelier to drop out of school. Reading books (for pleasure, not school) improves literacy rates and prevents dropouts
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6.In 2009, the Northeast had a lower status dropout rate (7.1%) than the South and the West (8.4% and 8.6%, respectively) 7.After World War II, the United States had the #1 high school graduation rate in the world. Today, we have dropped to #22 among 27 industrialized nations. 8.The percentage of students enrolling in college in the fall immediately following high school completion was 68.2% in 2011. Females enrolled at a higher rate (72.2%) than males (64.7%).
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9.Roughly 80% of white and Asian students complete high school, compared to 55% African-American and Hispanic students. 10.A high-school graduate’s lifetime income is 50 to 100% higher than a non-graduate’s. 11.In 2012, only 21 states in the US required students to attend high school until they are 18 or earn a diploma.
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What are the high school graduation rates for high-poverty schools, according to school administrators? In 2007–08, the average percentage of 12th-graders in high-poverty secondary schools who graduated with a diploma during the previous year was lower than the average percentage for 12th-graders in low-poverty secondary). About 68 percent of 12th-graders in high-poverty schools and 91 percent of 12th-graders in low-poverty schools graduated with a diploma. Since 1999– 2000, the average percentage of seniors in high-poverty schools who graduated with a diploma has declined by 18 percentage points, from 86 to 68 percent. In contrast, there was no measurable difference between the 1999–2000 graduation rate in low-poverty schools and the 2007–08 rate in low-poverty schools.
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