1. Environmental Recycling System Application and Potential Industry Sector Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc., Energy Recovery Municipal Solid Waste Food residual waste Fishmeal process Livestock manure Sewer waste Slaughter waste Dredged Sludge Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc.,

2. An Outline of Potential Sectors Dams, Lakes Ferment & dry of dam/lake sludge Sewage sludge Ferment&dry Excreta, sewage sludge (Phosphorus resource, CO2 reductions) Livestock farming Produce fermented animal feeds Pig Manure/excreta treatment Cow Manure/excreta treatment Chicken excreta treatment Carcass disposal Agricultural product supplier Shores sludges treatment by fermentation and drying Fisheries Process small fishes, carcass, starfishes and etc into fishmeals Agricultural Rooftop greening, vegetables farming Tourism place and hotel waste recyling Systematic recyling of industrial waste Food Related ① Brewer’s grains (Ferment & Dry) ② Brewer’s waste liquid (Ferment & Dry) ③ Kitchen waste recycling system ④ Pre-dry system for mixed kitchen waste ⑤ Convert mixed kitchen waste into ＲＤＦ ⑥ Waste of food industry into fertilizer, feed ⑦ Sludge from food industry Construction/Shores Agricultural The system that maintain the cleanliness of water and resource recycling for the city E N R I C H I N G E N V I R O N M E N T Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc.,

3. ‘Waste to Energy’ E N R I C H I N G E N V I R O N M E N T Transforming Waste into Valuable Energy Resource Heat exchanger Vacuum pump Steam About 60deg Cooling water about 32deg Aerobic fermentation degrading the anmonium content in the material eliminate smell Heating system External temp 140deg Internal pressure reduced, water boiling temp lowered at 50-70degree. Evaporation and drying expediated Electric motor turn shaft Heating systemERS Main Body Deodorization with cooling ， microbes steam in steam out Boiler required for heating and pressurization. Any steam generating system is applicable Output product □Powdered Can be formed into briquettes Can be formed into desirable shape using press moulder same indegenous microbe in ERS used as deodorizer Evaporation Minimum water supply required Microbial deodorization equipment No waste water discharge Cooling pump Raw material input Fermentatio n Disturb About 27deg ENERGY RECOVERY FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE The boiler provides ERS main unit with steam, reduces pressure, disturbs feedstock, enables the high speed fermentation & drying process. Adding a vapor cooling system, it becomes a design for no waste water, no odor (including feedstock odorless) process. Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc.,

4. ‘Wastes from Convenient Stores’ Expired merchandise from convenient stores and supermarket, can be put directly without segregation. Output Animal feed / Fertilizer can be separated with plastics easily, after fermentation Recyclables Segregate with Sieve Lunch boxes, Rice rolls, Juice in paper boxes Bread, Ice cream etc. Gas Boiler (LPG) Device for microbe de-odor & cooling Fermented animal feed 2010.7.26 Japan Food Center Analysis No.10059581001-01 Without segregation Moisture Protein Lipid Fiber Ash NFE Salt (as NaCl) [Na eq.] Additional Equipment E N R I C H I N G E N V I R O N M E N T Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc.,

5. ‘Wastes from Bakery’ Delivered to nearby pig farm Fermented animal feed CakeBread 2012.1.25 Japan Food Analysis Center No.12002696001-01 Moisture Protein Lipid Fiber Ash NFE Sodium pH E N R I C H I N G E N V I R O N M E N T Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc.,

6. ‘Mixed City Wastes’ Waste can be thrown altogether. The output can be easily segregated from plastics and organic product easily. No pre-segregation process required. Un-decomposed product is processed by the ERS System General waste (garbage) Undecomposed products General waste (processed food) Product (fuel or renewable resources) Product (fertilizer and fuel) E N R I C H I N G E N V I R O N M E N T Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc.,

7. ‘Livestock excreta Wastes’ Cow, pig, chicken manure can be ferment and dried very fast. Solid-liquid separation unnecessary. Manure and urine can be thrown in together and there will be no waste water. The number of bacteria is reduced by ERS System drastically Chicken manure(layers, broiler) Back: Milking cow manure Front: Fermented dried product (compost and fertilizer) Front: Fermented dried product (compost and fertilizer) Fermented dry product (compost and fertilizer) Fermented dried product (compost and fertilizer) Pig manure Cow manure (milking cow) E N R I C H I N G E N V I R O N M E N T Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc.,

8. Comparison with the conventional method of processing livestock manure Conventional processing methods Sewage treatment facility Discharge Fermentation facilitySecondary fermentationCompost Primary fermentation: 20 daysAbout 150 daysTotal : About 5-6 months Solid-liquid separation Input (Solid-liquid separation Unnecessary ) Input (Solid-liquid separation Unnecessary ) Primary fermentation: 1 day About 3 days Total : About 4 days Slurry dung Environmental Recycling System Fermentation facilitySecondary fermentationCompost Pig manure Chicken manure (layers, broiler) Cow manure (milking cow, beef cow) E N R I C H I N G E N V I R O N M E N T Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc.,

9. No bad smell The odor can not be leaked because the materials are fermented under diminished pressure (close to vacuum). The microbes decompose the causative substance of ammonium odor. No drainage Discharging water system is not needed because no discharge of water. Sterilization The number of bacteria is reduced by HSF processing drastically at over 125 degrees C. Feature of ERS processing Pork fatFertilizer Blood Internal organs A whole body of dead pig (frozen body is OK) can be put into the system. For a small ERS system the body should be cut into pieces Oil can be separated from fertilizer by screw press. ‘Animal carcass and Slaughterhouse Wastes’ E N R I C H I N G E N V I R O N M E N T Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc.,

10. ‘Drained Blood from Slaughterhouse’ The drained blood at slaughter has to be processed because it changes its property fast. Since the blood is oxidized fast, it gives off a bad odor. The blood is fermented and dried under diminished pressure (close to vacuum) with the HSF system and the processed blood is used as fertilizer. The bacterial count is reduced drastically by ERS processing. Blood (pig) Fermented dry product (blood meal fertilizer) Fermented dry product (blood meal fertilizer) E N R I C H I N G E N V I R O N M E N T Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc.,

11. ‘Sewage and sludge treatment’ Water content of sludge cab be reduced from 80-98% into 20% contents with speed drying. When dried sludge is incinerated, phosphorus can be extracted from the ashes. ERS Substantially reduced the volume hence save transportation cost. Land remedial usage also possible Sludge cases If biomass boiler available, the product can be used directly as fuel (RDF) Full re-cycle Sludge Incinerator Ashes Mapping (P collection) Use in cement Fuel (RDF) Biomass boiler Ashes Compression molding device Solid fertilizer Land remedial Phosphatic fertilizer raw materials Mud cases Use as fuel for biomass boiler * If the sludge doesn‘t contain heavy metals, viral microbes unlikely survive so it can be used as it is for fertilizer E R S Fermented & dried sludge Water content 20% E N R I C H I N G E N V I R O N M E N T Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc.,

12. ‘Dredging sludge treatment’ Input Output Soil conditioner Raw Material of Cement or Aggregate of Concrete Silt sludge becomes aggregated structure with microbe. Volume reduction of silt sludge Processed silt sludge can be recycled Water purification agent Sedimentary sludge (sludge-like silt) Sedimentary sludge (sludge-like silt) Dredging of the dam (Gunma Prefecture. Japan) Dredging of the dam (Gunma Prefecture. Japan) Dredging of ponds and lakes (Ehime Prefecture, Japan) Dredging of ponds and lakes (Ehime Prefecture, Japan) Formation of the aggregate structure The aggregate structure of microorganisms (electron micrograph) E N R I C H I N G E N V I R O N M E N T Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc.,

13. ‘Septic tank sludge and raw human waste ’ The septic tank sludge and raw human waste of 98% moisture content is put directly into ERS from vacuum truck. Processing start Fermentation process Concentration process Processing end Process Image Fertilize Fuel Put into ERS directly Fertilizer and fuel E N R I C H I N G E N V I R O N M E N T Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc.,

14. ‘Volume reduction and recycling of mild and other liquid products’ Coffee milk Milk Juice Fermented dry product Milk sludge Before processing After processing Body outlet photo  Fruit juice contains a lot of sugar. When it is dried up, the residual of it could impair the stirrer  The BOD (Biochemical oxygen demand) is very high and it is very difficult to be processed with effluent treatment facility  Therefore, it is usually incinerated.  The residual of fruit juice (sugar) is decomposed with ERS. Since there is no residual, nothing can impair the equipment. No adhesion of the treated product E N R I C H I N G E N V I R O N M E N T Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc.,

15. ‘Tea dregs Waste’ Tea dregs （ Moisture 90 ％） 80% Volume Reduction 2010.3.29 Japan Food Analysis Center No. 10022939003-01 2010.3.29 Japan Food Analysis Center No. 10022939003-02 ・ No need for solid/liquid separation, wet leaves can be fermented & dried. ・ Fermented & dried tea dregs, silage results in animal feed. ・ Coffee dregs can be treated, too. Moisture Protein Fat Fiber Ash Moisture Total amount of nitrogen Total amount of phosphoric acid Cali total amount of Organic elemental analysis Carbon Nitrogen Carbon ratio E N R I C H I N G E N V I R O N M E N T Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc.,

16. ‘Coffee dregs Waste’ With Fermentation, moisture contained in porous powder can be removed completely, and no need for re-fermentation. After fermentation, since there is no oxidation even after long-term storage ， there is no odor and liquidation. Tea dregs can be treated, too. Coffee Dregs (Moisture 65 ％ ) Coffee Dregs (Moisture 65 ％ ) Fermented & dried, Fertilizer ・ Fuel (Moisture<10% ） Fertilizer ・ Fuel (Moisture<10% ） 70% Volume Reduction 2010.3.29 Japan Food analysis center No. 10022939002-01 Moisture Total amount of nitrogen Total amount of phosphoric acid Cali total amount of Organic elemental analysis Carbon Nitrogen Carbon ratio E N R I C H I N G E N V I R O N M E N T Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc.,

17. City Governments’ all across Asia have decided to adopt ERS system to deal with mounting garbage disposal problem ERS complements and supplements existing landfills, dumps and incinerators. It aids in the reduction of carbon dioxide emission by avoiding the transportation of City garbage to outskirts, proper disposal of Organic biodegradable solid waste and help in the green production of the agricultural sector. Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc., NOSAI Bldg,4F,19,Ichibanchi, Chiyoda,Tokyo,102-0082, JAPAN Tel +81-3-3262-4571 I Fax +81-3-3262-4572 Email: info@jers-e.com www.jers-e.com Contact Us E N R I C H I N G E N V I R O N M E N T Japan Environmental Recycling Systems Inc.,