1. THE RENAISSANCE

2. ASPECTS OF THE RENAISSANCE RENAISSANCE – rebirth RENAISSANCE – rebirth HUMANISM – the belief first expressed by the Greek philosopher Protagoras when he said “Man is the measure of all things” HUMANISM – the belief first expressed by the Greek philosopher Protagoras when he said “Man is the measure of all things” There was an adoration of the ancients and a fascination with humanity There was an adoration of the ancients and a fascination with humanity

3. THEATRE IN THE RENAISSANCE Jacobean or Elizabethan theatre Jacobean or Elizabethan theatre The Spanish golden age The Spanish golden age The Italian Renaissance The Italian Renaissance

4. CHURCH AND GOVERNMENT IN ENGLAND 1500 Martin Luther posts his 95 theses denounching the church sparking the Reformation across Europe 1500 Martin Luther posts his 95 theses denounching the church sparking the Reformation across Europe Henry VIII divorces first wife and makes himself the head of the English church Henry VIII divorces first wife and makes himself the head of the English church Queen Elizabeth I ascends the throne in England; outlaws the performance of religious and political subjects Queen Elizabeth I ascends the throne in England; outlaws the performance of religious and political subjects Theatre was relegated to the outskirts of town since it was seen as sinful Theatre was relegated to the outskirts of town since it was seen as sinful

5. THE CRAFT GUILDS FIGHT BACK The craft guilds although they began the renewed practice of producing theatre for money looked down upon theatre as a sole profession The craft guilds although they began the renewed practice of producing theatre for money looked down upon theatre as a sole profession They believed theatre needed to be a way to express the teachings of the Bible They believed theatre needed to be a way to express the teachings of the Bible They fought to have theatre outlawed and worked with the government to keep theatre on the outskirts of town They fought to have theatre outlawed and worked with the government to keep theatre on the outskirts of town

6. SPONSORS To quiet the craft guilds and the government companies or individual performers or playwrights sought out wealthy backers To quiet the craft guilds and the government companies or individual performers or playwrights sought out wealthy backers This lead to the rise of the larger companies This lead to the rise of the larger companies

7. ELIZABETHAN THEATRE The set was minimal, they normally just used the structure of the theatre itself and painted it different ways if it was a longer run The set was minimal, they normally just used the structure of the theatre itself and painted it different ways if it was a longer run Props were more heavily used Props were more heavily used The costumes were the most extravagant part of the performances The costumes were the most extravagant part of the performances

9. IAMBIC PENTAMETER In a line of verse or poetry, it is a foot or beat consisting of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable, or a short syllable followed by a long syllable In a line of verse or poetry, it is a foot or beat consisting of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable, or a short syllable followed by a long syllable A breakdown of iambic pentameter A breakdown of iambic pentameter https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5lsuyUNu_4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5lsuyUNu_4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5lsuyUNu_4 Original pronunciation example Original pronunciation example https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qYiYd9RcK5M https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qYiYd9RcK5M https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qYiYd9RcK5M

10. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE 1564 – 1616 1564 – 1616 He wrote 38 plays, 154, sonnets, and 2 narrative poems He wrote 38 plays, 154, sonnets, and 2 narrative poems In English speaking countries his readings are very widely read, second only to the Bible In English speaking countries his readings are very widely read, second only to the Bible

11. OTHER ENGLISH PLAYWRIGHTS Christopher Marlowe Christopher Marlowe John Webster John Webster Francis Beaumont Francis Beaumont Philip Massinger Philip Massinger James Shirley James Shirley These are just a few of the 250 or so dramatists of this age These are just a few of the 250 or so dramatists of this age

12. ENGLISH THEATRES There were 9or more public theatres in London There were 9or more public theatres in London The Swan, The Rose, The Globe, The Hope, were a few of them The Swan, The Rose, The Globe, The Hope, were a few of them YARD – a large central space in the theatre surrounded by walls YARD – a large central space in the theatre surrounded by walls

13. ENGLISH THEATRES TIRING HOUSE- (attiring house), this was a dressing room or changing area for the actors TIRING HOUSE- (attiring house), this was a dressing room or changing area for the actors CELLERAGE – a 4’ by4’ trap door gave access to the space below the stage CELLERAGE – a 4’ by4’ trap door gave access to the space below the stage HEAVENS – a painted roof from which occasionally actors decended HEAVENS – a painted roof from which occasionally actors decended GROUNDLINGS – audience members who stood in the yard to watch the play GROUNDLINGS – audience members who stood in the yard to watch the play

14. THE GLOBE THEATRE Virtual Tour Virtual Tour https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3VGa6Fp3zI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3VGa6Fp3zI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3VGa6Fp3zI Shakespeare’s Globe Mini Documentary Shakespeare’s Globe Mini Documentary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b9uDK3xsLYk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b9uDK3xsLYk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b9uDK3xsLYk

15. THE SPANISH GOLDEN AGE Theatre was prolific in this era Theatre was prolific in this era The theme to many of the works was honor The theme to many of the works was honor Justice for yourself or your family Justice for yourself or your family Worth any cost Worth any cost

16. TO SEE AND BE SEEN The theatre became a place to make a spectacle both on and off stage The theatre became a place to make a spectacle both on and off stage Since it was a new and sometimes controversial art form many people were skeptical and didn’t want to be seen there others wanted to show that they were rebellious and fun to members of society Since it was a new and sometimes controversial art form many people were skeptical and didn’t want to be seen there others wanted to show that they were rebellious and fun to members of society

17. THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE Commedia Del Atre Commedia Del Atre The extravagance of indoor theatre The extravagance of indoor theatre

18. COMMEDIA DEL ARTE A form of largely improvised masked street theatre that began in northern Italy in the late sixteenth century and still can be seen today. The principal characters Arlecchino, Pantalone, Columbina, Dottore, and Scapino, among them appear over and over in thousands of commedia stories A form of largely improvised masked street theatre that began in northern Italy in the late sixteenth century and still can be seen today. The principal characters Arlecchino, Pantalone, Columbina, Dottore, and Scapino, among them appear over and over in thousands of commedia stories

19. COMMEDIA DEL ARTE Most troupes consisted of 12 members 8 men and 4 women they would take turns acting and managing the shows Most troupes consisted of 12 members 8 men and 4 women they would take turns acting and managing the shows They traveled from place to place performing They traveled from place to place performing Performances were outside Performances were outside Performances had a basic story but were mostly improvised Performances had a basic story but were mostly improvised

20. STOCK CHARACTERS Three Categories Lovers Masters Servants

21. STOCK CHARACTERS ARLECHINNO (Harlequin) – Servant, wore a mask and colorful tight fitting costume, cunning, slap stick ARLECHINNO (Harlequin) – Servant, wore a mask and colorful tight fitting costume, cunning, slap stick COLUMBINA – Servant, wore a mask and colorful dress, to go with arlechinno COLUMBINA – Servant, wore a mask and colorful dress, to go with arlechinno INNAMORATI – lovers, unmasked, wore clothing of the time period for the upperclass INNAMORATI – lovers, unmasked, wore clothing of the time period for the upperclass

22. STOCK CHARACTERS PANTOLONE – Master, older wealthy man, wore a mask and red garments with a black cape, normally a father of a lover or a would be lover PANTOLONE – Master, older wealthy man, wore a mask and red garments with a black cape, normally a father of a lover or a would be lover CAPITANO – Master, wore a mask and a military uniform, coward, would be lover CAPITANO – Master, wore a mask and a military uniform, coward, would be lover DOTTORE – Master, wore a mask and a black scholarly robe, easily tricked, head of household DOTTORE – Master, wore a mask and a black scholarly robe, easily tricked, head of household

23. EXTRAVAGANT THEATRE Indoor spaces Indoor spaces Traditional proscenium style of theatre Traditional proscenium style of theatre Perspective theatre Perspective theatre

25. TEATRO OLIMPICO History of Teatro Olimpico History of Teatro Olimpico https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DMViURk XKOE&list=PLf5RtYIOwAy6vhARY_enZq3qN19 HOfOVu https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DMViURk XKOE&list=PLf5RtYIOwAy6vhARY_enZq3qN19 HOfOVu https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DMViURk XKOE&list=PLf5RtYIOwAy6vhARY_enZq3qN19 HOfOVu https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DMViURk XKOE&list=PLf5RtYIOwAy6vhARY_enZq3qN19 HOfOVu