1. L OCATION, C LIMATE, AND N ATURAL R ESOURCES OF THE U NITED K INGDOM & R USSIA

2. GPS AND E SSENTIAL Q UESTIONS SS6G10 The student will explain the impact of location, climate, natural resources, and population distribution on Europe. A. Compare how the location, climate,, and natural resources of the United Kingdom and Russia affect where people live and how they trade. B. Compare how the location, climate,, and natural resources of Germany and Italy affect where people live and how they trade. EQ: How do the factors of climate, access to water, and natural resources affect where Europeans choose to live and work?

3. L ESSON V OCABULARY Urban: located in cities Rural: settlement in the country Natural resources: useful materials found in the environment Arable: land suitable for farming

4. U NITED K INGDOM London, England

5. L OCATION OF THE UK A country of islands off the coast of mainland Europe Made up of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, & Wales Location makes it a HUB for trade Many different countries to trade with close by. 10 major ports along UK’s coast!

6. E NGLISH C HANNEL

7. L OCATION OF THE U NITED K INGDOM

8. U NITED K INGDOM Consists of 4 regions: England Scotland Wales Northern Ireland

9. C LIMATE OF THE UK Mild climate with rainfall throughout the year No section goes without rain for more than 2 weeks! Winters are mild and wet; summers are warmest in the south

10. C LIMATE OF THE UK The Gulf Stream crosses the Atlantic Ocean & warms the country, making the winters milder than other European countries

11. N ATURAL R ESOURCES OF THE UK Has deposits of coal, petroleum, natural gas, & iron ore The United Kingdom’s main industries  auto production, steel manufacturing, & shipbuilding Other resources include: zinc, lead, gold, tin, limestone, salt, clay, gypsum, sand, & slate

12. N ATURAL R ESOURCES IN UK Manufacturing is declining… Natural resources are being used up and industry is changing to cleaner forms of energy Many people who once had jobs in mining and manufacturing are being retrained for jobs in service industries

13. N ATURAL R ESOURCES IN UK Fishing is profitable along the shores of the UK Nearly 25% of the country has arable land (fertile; good for farming) Over half of the land is used for farms

15. W HERE P EOPLE L IVE … About 60 million people live in the United Kingdom. Land Area: 243,610 sq km Around 90% of the UK’s people live in cities. London has over 7 million people!

16. T OWER B RIDGE IN L ONDON

17. R USSIA St. Petersburg, Russia

18. L OCATION OF R USSIA Spans 2 continents: Europe & Asia! So wide that a train trip across takes a week! Shares a border with 15 countries

19. L OCATION OF R USSIA

20. Eastern side is bound by Pacific Ocean Northern side is bordered by the Arctic Ocean At its closest point, Russia & US are only 3 miles apart across Bering Strait!

21. L OCATION OF R USSIA European Russia is mostly landlocked (difficult for trading via ship) 2 cities that do have access to trade via ships are Murmansk & St. Petersburg

22. L OCATION OF R USSIA

23. C LIMATE OF R USSIA Only has 2 seasons—winter and summer Average yearly temperature is below freezing Asian Russia (Siberia) has the most extreme climate lows -40 degrees & highs over 90 degrees 73% of Russia’s people live in European Russia

24. C LIMATE Western Russia has a continental climate. Summers are warm and rainy, while winters are cold and snowy.

25. C LIMATE Northern Russia is a tundra and the land is frozen all year. Siberia is a famous part of the Russian tundra.

26. N ATURAL R ESOURCES Vast forests for lumber are found here, but many have been cleared away for cities on the European side Deposits of gold, aluminum ore, coal, & iron are found in the Ural Mountains Volga River (largest river in Europe) is a major source of hydroelectric power.

27. N ATURAL R ESOURCES Russia’s large size, rugged terrain, and cold climate make it difficult for Russians to use their resources

28. W HERE P EOPLE L IVE … Russia is one of the most populous countries in the world, with 145.5 million people. Land Area: 17,098,242 sq km Most people live WEST of the Ural mountains, known as European Russia, where the climate is mildest and the land is the most fertile.

29. ( POPULATION MAP )

31. S T. B ASIL ’ S C ATHEDRAL

32. Saint Basil’s Cathedral is one of Russia’s most famous buildings.

33. C OMPARING UK & R USSIA Geographically very different: Russia is larger, with a coastline bordering the Arctic Ocean (ports are frozen much of the year) UK is an island country with a mild climate and many ports accessible all year round

34. C OMPARING UK & R USSIA Natural Resources: Both have fossil fuels, like coal & oil UK’s are dwindling, but much of Russia’s coal and oil is untouchable because of the climate & size of the country

35. U.K. AND R USSIA L ESSON Q UESTIONS 1. What is a reason for a decline in manufacturing In the United Kingdom? 2. What accounts for most of the jobs in the United Kingdom 3. What makes the United Kingdom ideal for international banking? 4. What causes the U.K. to have an unusually mild climate? 5. What condition help the U.K. to become a leader in world trade? 6. Which area in Russia is a major center for trade? 7. What condition keeps Russia’s natural resources from being used? 8. With its long northern coastline, what makes shipping in Russia so difficult? 9. How do the ports in U.K. and Russia differ? 10. How does the Volga River help manufacturing?