1. Universal Coverage and Equitable Subsidies 18 January 2011 National Health Insurance Policy Brief 16

2. Universal Coverage Source: WHO Annual Report 2010. Health Systems Financing: The path to universal coverage. Universal coverage is not, as sometimes simplistically presented, only that everyone is covered. The definition requires a reference to who is covered, for what package of healthcare and to what degree.

3. Source: IMSA Policy Brief 16: Universal Coverage and Equitable Subsidies Services: which services covered Direct Costs: proportion covered Population: who is covered Private primary care CAM Public NHS well-functioning Public NHS not functioning African Traditional Medicine PMBs Voluntary medical scheme packages above PMBs Work

4. Source: IMSA Policy Brief 16: Universal Coverage and Equitable Subsidies Services: which services covered Direct Costs: proportion covered Population: who is covered Private primary care CAM Public NHS well-functioning Public NHS not functioning African Traditional Medicine PMBs Voluntary medical scheme packages above PMBs Work 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

5. Services: which services covered Direct Costs: proportion covered Population: who is covered Private primary care CAM Public NHS well-functioning Public NHS not functioning African Traditional Medicine PMBs Voluntary medical scheme packages above PMBs Population: all covered Services: equivalent to services and cost in NHS Direct costs: reduce OOP on defined service package Source: IMSA Policy Brief 16: Universal Coverage and Equitable Subsidies

6. Risk-adjusted transfers for PMBs National Health Solidarity Fund Private Health Insurance Funds Employer Direct contributions for packages above PMBs Government Direct subsidy per person (total population) Income-based contribution for PMBs less direct subsidy National Health Service Risk-adjusted transfers to Provinces Risk Equalisation Fund Provincial Risk-Adjustment Formula Per capita or risk- adjusted transfers of direct subsidy Public Tax Employee Source: IMSA NHI Policy Brief 16: Universal Coverage and Equitable Subsidies

7. Innovative Medicines South Africa (IMSA) is a pharmaceutical industry association promoting the value of medicine innovation in healthcare. IMSA and its member companies are working towards the development of a National Health Insurance system with universal coverage and sustainable access to innovative research-based healthcare. Contact details: Val Beaumont (Executive Director) Tel: +2711 880 4644 Fax: +2711 880 5987 Innovative Medicines SA (IMSA) Cell: 082 828 3256 PO Box 2008, Houghton, 2041. South Africa val@imsa.org.za www.imsa.org.za

8. Material produced for IMSA by Heather McLeod hmcleod@integratedhealingmbs.com www.integratedhealingmbs.com