1. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 1 of 45 A Gentle Introduction to Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Halim Yanikomeroglu, PhD, PEng Professor Department of Systems & Computer Engineering Carleton University Ottawa, Canada

2. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 2 of 45 1. Digital Communications: A Historical Overview 2. Case Study: Wireless Cellular Communications 3. ICT: Information and Communications Technologies Outline

3. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 3 of 45 From Research to Innovation Engineering in contemporary meaning: A fairly recent branch of knowledge 17 th – 19 th century: Calculus was developed 19 th century, 2 nd half: Engineering started being developed 20 th century, 1 st half: Mathematical principles of engineering got matured 20 th century, 2 nd half: Explosive growth in engineering applications 21 th : Innovation (health care, productivity, environment, communications, education, …) R&D  R&D&I

4. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 4 of 45 The Great Contributors to Info Theory and Communications Theory Claude Shannon 1916 – 2001 Bell Labs, MIT

5. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 5 of 45 The Great Contributors to Info Theory and Communications Theory Ralph V.L. Hartley 1888 – 1970 Bell Labs Claude Shannon 1916 – 2001 Bell Labs, MIT R.V.L. Hartley, “Transmission of Information”, Bell System Technical J, July 1928. Formulated the law “that the total amount of information that can be transmitted is proportional to frequency range transmitted and the time of the transmission.” Considered as "the single most important prerequisite" for Shannon's theory of information.

6. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 6 of 45 The Great Contributors to Info Theory and Communications Theory Ralph V.L. Hartley 1888 – 1970 Bell Labs Claude Shannon 1916 – 2001 Bell Labs, MIT R.V.L. Hartley, “Transmission of Information”, Bell System Technical J, July 1928. Formulated the law “that the total amount of information that can be transmitted is proportional to frequency range transmitted and the time of the transmission.” Considered as "the single most important prerequisite" for Shannon's theory of information. H. Nyquist, “Certain factors affecting telegraph speed”, Bell System Technical Journal, 1924. H. Nyquist, “Certain topics in telegraph transmission theory”, Trans. AIEE, April 1928. Harry Nyquist 1889 – 1976 Bell Labs

7. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 7 of 45 The Great Contributors to Info Theory and Communications Theory Ralph V.L. Hartley 1888 – 1970 Bell Labs Claude Shannon 1916 – 2001 Bell Labs, MIT R.V.L. Hartley, “Transmission of Information”, Bell System Technical J, July 1928. Formulated the law “that the total amount of information that can be transmitted is proportional to frequency range transmitted and the time of the transmission.” Considered as "the single most important prerequisite" for Shannon's theory of information. H. Nyquist, “Certain factors affecting telegraph speed”, Bell System Technical Journal, 1924. H. Nyquist, “Certain topics in telegraph transmission theory”, Trans. AIEE, April 1928. Harry Nyquist 1889 – 1976 Bell Labs Norbert Wiener 1894 – 1964 MIT

8. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 8 of 45 Mobile phone

9. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 9 of 45 Mobile phone  Cell phone

10. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 10 of 45 Mobile phone  Cell phone  Smart phone  Tablets

11. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 11 of 45 Fast forward… What is 5G?

12. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 12 of 45 1G 2G 3G 4G Mbps kbps bps Mbps kbps bps Gbps 2020 2010200019901980 AMPS Mobile device for everyone Time Cellular Generations data

13. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 13 of 45 1G 2G 3G 4G 5G Mbps kbps bps Mbps kbps bps Gbps 2020 2010200019901980 AMPS ? ? Mobile device for everyone Time Cellular Generations – 2010 View data

14. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 14 of 45 1G 2G 3G 4G 5G Mbps kbps bps Mbps kbps bps Gbps 2020 2010200019901980 AMPS ? ? Mobile device for everyone Time Cellular Generations – 2016 View data

15. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 15 of 45 What is 5G? 5G is not about smart phones

16. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 16 of 45 What is 5G?

17. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 17 of 45 5G Requirements

18. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 18 of 45 Near Future: More Video

19. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 19 of 45 Direction 1: Highly Capable Terminals

20. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 20 of 45 Direction 2: IoT – Integration of Physical and Digital Worlds

21. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 21 of 45 Direction 2: IoT – Integration of Physical and Digital Worlds

22. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 22 of 45 Access to Information Books Brick library

23. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 23 of 45 Books Brick library Internet library Access to Information

24. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 24 of 45 Books Brick library Internet library Data of all sorts Access to Information

25. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 25 of 45 Books Brick library Internet library Data of all sorts Easy access (I/F) Access to Information

26. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 26 of 45 Books Brick library Internet library Data of all sorts Easy access (I/F) Available before you ask/think Access to Information

27. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 27 of 45 ICT – Information and Communication Technologies Alan Turing 1912 – 1954 Claude Shannon 1916 – 2001 CommunicationsComputing ICT

28. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 28 of 45 ICT – Information and Communication Technologies Alan Turing 1912 – 1954 Claude Shannon 1916 – 2001 CommunicationsComputing ICT Content

29. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 29 of 45 ICT:Already ~5% of the global GDP ICT: Becoming World’s Biggest Industry

30. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 30 of 45 iPod Blackberry Netbook iPhone iPad (2010) 360 300 180 74 28 Number of Days to Reach 1 Million Units Sold iPad2 (2011) 3

31. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 31 of 45 iPod Blackberry Netbook iPhone iPad (2010) 360 300 180 74 28 Number of Days to Reach 1 Million Units Sold iPhone 5: 9 M during launch weekend (20-22 Sept 2013) iPad2 (2011) 3

32. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 32 of 45 Number of Days to Reach 1 Million Units Sold iPhone 6: 10 M during launch weekend (19-21 Sept 2014) Apple Store, 59 th Street & 5 th Avenue, New York, 05 Sept 2014

33. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 33 of 45 Number of Days to Reach 1 Million Units Sold iPhone 6s & Plus: 13M during launch weekend (25-27 Sept 2015) Apple Store, 59 th Street & 5 th Avenue, New York, 05 Sept 2014

34. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 34 of 45 ICT:Already ~5% of the global GDP Cisco Consulting Services 2014 white paper: IoT: $19 trillion opportunity over the next decade Will soon become world’s largest industry sector – by far! ICT: Becoming World’s Biggest Industry

35. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 35 of 45 Market valueEmployeesValue/employee Google$503 B 57,000$8.8 M Apple$496 B 115,000$4.3 M Microsoft$405 B 119,000$3.4 M ICT Sector – Unprecedented Value

36. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 36 of 45 Market valueEmployeesValue/employee Google$503 B 57,000$8.8 M Apple$496 B 115,000$4.3 M Microsoft$405 B 119,000$3.4 M WhatsApp$22 B 55$400 M ICT Sector – Unprecedented Value

37. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 37 of 45 Market valueEmployeesValue/employee Google$503 B 57,000$8.8 M1998 Apple$496 B 115,000$4.3 M1976 Microsoft$405 B 119,000$3.4 M1975 WhatsApp$22 B 55$400 M2009 ICT Sector – Unprecedented Value

38. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 38 of 45 Market valueEmployeesValue/employee Google$503 B 57,000$8.8 M1998 Apple$496 B 115,000$4.3 M1976 Microsoft$405 B 119,000$3.4 M1975 WhatsApp$22 B 55$400 M2009 ICT Sector – Unprecedented Value Nobody is late in the game

39. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 39 of 45 Forbes 2015 Newcomers Travis Kalanick Net worth: $5.3 B Source of wealth: Uber (car service) Kim Bum-Soo Net worth: $2.9 B Source of wealth: KakaoTalk (mobile chat service) Brian Chesky Net worth: $1.9 B Source of wealth: Airbnb Evan Spiegel and Bobby Murphy Net worth: $1.5 B each Source of wealth: Snapchat Markus "Notch" Persson Net worth: $1.3 B Source of wealth: Minecraft (video game)

40. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 40 of 45 iCar  What is Next? Nothing will be the same again

41. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 41 of 45 Today: ICT is an Important Sector Entertainment Agriculture Hospitality Transportation Automotive Health Municipalities Energy Education DefencePublic Safety ICT

42. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 42 of 45 Tomorrow: ICT is the Most Important Sector ICT (5G,…) Entertainment Agriculture Hospitality Transportation Automotive Health Municipalities Energy Education DefencePublic Safety

43. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 43 of 45 Tomorrow: ICT is the Most Important Sector in Digital Economy ICT (5G,…) Entertainment Agriculture Hospitality Transportation Automotive Health Municipalities Energy Education DefencePublic Safety Telecom  ICT  Vertical Industries Telecom  ICT  Vertical Industries

44. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 44 of 45 Tomorrow: ICT is the Fundamental Enabler in Digital Economy DefencePublic Safety Education Agriculture EnergyHealthEntertainment Transportation Automotive Municipalities ICT (5G,…)

45. SYSC 4600 Digital Communications Introduction to ICT Fall 2016 – H. YanıkömeroğluPage 45 of 45 ICT: Great Career Opportunity! SYSC 4600: Great Course!