1. Mercury – closest to Sun, small terrestrial planet

2. Venus – the Earth’s sister planet Cloud-covered surface Diameter --- 0.95 Earth Mass --- 0.8 Earth Density --- 5.2 gm/cm 3 Slow and Retrograde rotation rotation period 243d = day on Venus revolution around Sun 225d = yr on Venus

3. Atmosphere and Greenhouse Effect Atmosphere CO 2 -- 96.5% N 2 -- 3.5% Clouds – SO 2, H 2 S, and droplets of sulfuric acid Temperature 860F Very dense, atm pressure 90x Earth

4. Venusian Surface – mapped by radar

5. Lander image

6. Mercator – projection map of surface features based on radar mapping Named surface features

8. Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming on Earth Greenhouse Gases CO 2 Methane CH 4 Nitrous Oxide N 2 O H 2 O

10. Zero degree reference is 30yr average ~ 1950 - 80