1. Title: Resistance to the Nazis LO: To gain knowledge of at least two incidents of rebellion during the Holocaust STARTER: - Come up with 5 questions about the LESSON OBJECTIVE above - Number these 1-5: 1 being the question you would most like to know the answer to 5 being the question you would least like to know the answer to

2. Each person in the group will either be numbered 1,2,3,4 OR 5,6,7,8 You will be given two copies of an information sheet and a worksheet to fill in about a Nazi resistance group operating after 1943 One person in the group should read the information to the others You should try to answer the questions on the worksheet to the best of your ability as a group You have 10 minutes to read the information sheet and fill in the worksheet.

3. Now regroup: 1s, 2s, 3s, 4s etc. In your groups now each of you should be able to describe 1 type of rebellion in detail to the rest of the group. You must each take it in turns to give information to the rest of the group about your rebellion. The rest of the group should try to ask questions in order that they completely understand the information being relayed You should fill in the table that you have with a description of the other three rebellions. You have 8 minutes. At the end of this time period you should have a complete table

4. RebellionDescription Treblinka Uprising Warsaw Ghetto Uprising White Rose Group 5 th July Bomb Plot

5. Treblinka Concentration Camp rebellion One organized rebellion was in Treblinka concentration camp in Poland in early 1943. On August 2, 1943, prisoners quietly seized weapons from the camp armoury, but were discovered before they could take over the camp. Hundreds of prisoners then stormed the main gate in an attempt to escape. Many were killed by machine-gun fire. More than 300 did escape - although 200 of those who escaped were tracked down and killed by German SS and police. All the surviving prisoners were shot.

6. Worksheet 1.In which concentration camp did the uprising take place? ______________________________________________________________________________ 2.Describe the uprising. _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 3.How many prisoners managed to escape? ______________________________________________________________________________ 4.What happened to surviving escapees? ______________________________________________________________________________ 5.Why do you think these prisoners risked their lives to escape? ______________________________________________________________________________ 6. Why do you think the Nazis punished the escapees so harshly? ______________________________________________________________________________

7. Warsaw Ghetto Uprising Warsaw Ghetto: By 1943, the ghetto residents had organized an army of about 1,000 fighters, mostly unarmed and without equipment. They were joined by thousands of others. In January 1943, the S.S. entered the ghetto to round up more Jews for shipment to the death camps. They were met by a volley of bombs, Molotov cocktails, and the bullets from a few guns which had been smuggled into the ghettos. Twenty S.S. soldiers were killed. The action encouraged a few members of the Polish community to support the uprising, and a few machine guns, some hand grenades, and about a hundred rifles and revolvers were smuggled in. Facing them were almost 3,000 German troops with 7,000 reinforcements available. Tanks and heavy artillery surrounded the ghetto. The Nazis thought that the uprising would be crushed in three days, and the ghetto would be destroyed. It took four weeks. The ghetto was reduced to rubble following bomber attacks, gas attacks, and burning of every structure by the Nazis. Fifteen thousand Jews died in the battle, and most of the survivors were shipped to the death camps. Scores of German soldiers were killed. Some historical accounts report that 300 Germans were killed and 1,000 wounded, although the actual figure is unknown.

8. The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising 1.Describe the uprising in 50 words. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 2.In what year was the uprising? __________________________________________ 3.How long did it take the Nazis to squash the uprising? __________________________________________ 4.How many Jewish people were killed in the uprising? __________________________________________ 5.What happened to the surviving Jews in the ghetto? __________________________________________ 6.How many Nazis were killed in the uprising? __________________________________________ 7.Why do you think the Jewish people risked their lives to rebel in the ghetto? __________________________________________

9. The White Rose Group The White Rose, was formed by students at the University of Munich in 1941. Members of this anti-Nazi group included Hans Scholl and Sophie Scholl. Several members had served in the German Army before resuming their studies. This provided them with information about the atrocities being committed bythe Nazis in Concentration camps. They created leaflets telling people about Nazi crimes. The leaflets were at first sent anonymously to people all over Germany. The White Rose group believed that the young people of Germany had the potential to overthrow Adolf Hitler and the Nazi government. In one leaflet, Fellow Fighters in the Resistance, they wrote: "The name of Germany is dishonoured for all time if German youth does not finally rise, take revenge, smash its tormentors. Students! The German people look to us." The White Rose group also began painting anti-Nazi slogans on the sides of houses. This included "Down With Hitler", "Hitler Mass Murderer" and "Freedom". They also painted crossed-out swastikas. Members also began leaving piles of leaflets in public places. On 18th February, Hans Scholl and Sophie Scholl began distributing the sixth leaflet produced by the White Rose group. A member of the Nazi Party, saw them at the University of Munich, throwing leaflets from a window of the third floor into the courtyard below. He immediately told the Gestapo (the Secret Police) and they were both arrested. The three members of the White Rose group appeared before the People's. Found guilty they were executed by guillotine a few hours later. Just before he was executed Hans Scholl shouted out: "Long live freedom!"

10. The White Rose Group 1.Who formed the group? ______________________________________________________________________________ 2.What acts of rebellion did the group do against the Nazis? ______________________________________________________________________________ 3.How did they get caught? ______________________________________________________________________________ 4.What happened to the members of the White Rose Group? ______________________________________________________________________________ 5.Why do you think the punishment for these members was so harsh? ______________________________________________________________________________ 6.Why do you think the White Rose Group risked their lives to stand up to the Nazis? ______________________________________________________________________________

11. The July 5 th Bomb Plot The July Bomb Plot of 1944 was an attempt by senior German Army officers to kill Hitler and end World War Two By the summer of 1944, some senior figures in Germany's military believed that Hitler's leadership was dooming Germany to defeat - many believed that defeat was simply a matter of time, Stauffenberg was a career army officer, he and other army leaders believed Hitler needed to be assassinated. Part of Stauffenberg ‘s job in the army meant that he had to attend meetings that were headed by Hitler so he started to form an assassination/murder plot. Stauffenberg received orders that the next staff conference was to be at 12.30 on July 20th. Stauffenburg placed a bomb, hidden in his briefcase, against a leg of the table that that Hitler was using. After this was done, Stauffenberg made his excuse (he had to take a telephone call) and left the room. He got to his car as an explosion occurred. The time was 12.42. The SS guards believed that an air raid was taking place. Stauffenberg headed to Berlin on a plane. However, just before the bomb was due to explode, an officer attending the meeting had moved the briefcase to the other side of the table. Therefore, the blast was directed away from Hitler who survived with his clothes singed, a cut to his hand and damaged ear drums At 18.45 a radio broadcast stated that there had been an attempt on Hitler's life but that it had failed and Hitler was alive. The radio broadcast then stated that Hitler would address the German people sometime in the evening. The conspirators, including Stauffenberg, based in the War Office were rounded up. They were then shot by a firing squad. Anybody who was implicated in the plot faced arrest, torture and execution.

12. The 5 th July Bomb Plot 1.What year did the plot take place? ______________________________________________________________________________ 2.Who was the leader of the plot? ______________________________________________________________________________ 3.Describe the events of the 5 th July bomb plot. _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 4.Why did the plot fail? ______________________________________________________________________________ 5.How were the plotters punished? ______________________________________________________________________________ 6.Why were the plotters punished so harshly? ______________________________________________________________________________ 7.Why do you think the plotters risked their lives to assassinate Hitler? ______________________________________________________________________________

13. In your books describe one type of rebellion against the Nazis in detail. Use your table to help you