1. National and State Powers
Chapter 4 Section 1

2. National Powers 3 types of powers granted by Constitution
Expressed
Implied
Inherent
Collectively known as delegated powers
Expressed powers directly stated in Constitution
Most found in first three articles

3. Expressed powers also called enumerated powers
Implied powers depend upon expressed powers
Ex. Draft implied by power given to gov’t to raise army, navy
Basis for implied powers is necessary and proper clause (Article I, Section 8)
Often called elastic clause, powers can be stretched

4. Reserved powers are strictly for states
Inherent powers are powers nat’l gov’t may exercise simply because it is a gov’t
Reserved powers are strictly for states
Concurrent powers are powers shared by nat’l and state gov’ts
Ex. Power to tax

5. Guarantees to States
Constitution obliges nat’l gov’t to provide for states:
Republican form of gov’t
Protection
Territorial integrity

6. Obligations of States
States perform 2 important functions for nat’l gov’t
State and local gov’ts pay for nat’l elections
States play key role in amending Constitution (no amendment can be added unless ¾ of states approve)

7. Courts as Umpire
Q’s have risen over who is more powerful – states or nat’l gov’t
1819 case McCulloch v. Maryland settled issue
Case settled that nat’l gov’t always supreme over states