1. UNIT 4 CIVIL WAR IN MISSISSIPPI

2. I. GOVERNMENT

3. TO EXPAND SLAVERY OR NOT IN THE UNITED STATES? Slave states vs. free states was the issue! Missouri Compromise (1820):1. no slavery above the 36 degree parallel, 2. tried to keep slave & free states equal Compromise of 1850: 1. CA a free state, 2. UT & NM could vote on it (MS didn’t like this!) Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854): 1. Those 2 states could decided slave or free, 2. repealed Comp. of 1850, 3. supported by southerners b/c it opened up more territory for slavery to expand. Dred Scott (1857): slave taken to a free state, owner died, tried to obtain freedom through courts, USSC said he was “personal property” & just b/c he entered a free state, didn’t make him free!

4. Map of the MO Compromise 1820-21

6. SLAVE STATES & THE ELECTION OF 1860

7. SOUTHERN THOUGHTS ON SLAVERY Slavery was a moral, economic, & political issue! The only way to maintain the southern way of life (plantations, & slave labor) was to secede from the Union!

8. ELECTION OF 1860 *Lincoln (R) – no expansion of slavery Douglas (ND) Breckinridge (SD) Bell (CP) January 9, 1861 MS seceded from the Union -States’ rights! Feb. 1861, the Confederate States of America formed among the newly seceded states (formed their own gov’t)

10. THE CIVIL WAR BEGINS

11. WHAT EVENT LAUNCHED THE WAR? Ft. Sumter, SC (April 1861) A federal fort in a “southern state” The fort ran out of supplies, Lincoln sent in troops to replace supplies SC authorities attacked the federal troops Lincoln sent more to put down the rebellion, which escalated the event to launch the war

12. WHY EACH SIDE THOUGHT THEY WOULD WIN: North: more resources ($) Larger population More industrial More railroad South: Military training Better leaders “King Cotton” & foreign support

13. BATTLES IN MISSISSIPPI 1862- Battle of Corinth -loss for the Confederate forces -deadliest battle in the war so far! 13,000 dead 1863- Battle of Vicksburg -important location (the MS River) -Memphis & N.O. had already fallen -Vicksburg had been cut off to the north & south -Confederates were trapped in the city -fighting lasted 6 weeks, ended July 3, 1863 with a Union victory

15. Battle of Jackson : (General Sherman) -burned Jackson (including the capitol) -destroyed railroads -took food & supplies

16. OTHER BATTLES: Battle of Champion Hill Battle of Raymond Battle of Port Gibson

17. Sketch of Battle of Raymond Battle of Vicksburg