1. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Earthquake Studies And Earthquake Monitoring in Bangladesh Syed Humayun Akhter Dhaka University Earth Observatory Department of Geology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh Email: shakhter@univdhaka.edu IRIS Metadata Workshop ‘Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks’ Bangkok, Thailand January 8-13, 2012

2. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA I N D I A N P L A T E E U R A S I A N P L A T E B U R M E S E P L A T E Active Subduction Zone Spreading Andaman Sea 6 cm/yr 2 cm/yr Tectonic setup of Bangladesh

3. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Dauki Fault Modhupur Fault Sylhet-Assam Fault Chittagong-Myanmar Fault POTENTIAL SOURCES OF MAJOR EARTHQUAKE DHAKA 1885 M7.5 1897 M8.7 1548 M?? 1762 M8.5+ 1934 M8.4 Main Boundary Fault 1918 M7.6 1954 M7.7

4. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA 19892010 Rapid population growth and urbanization increases earthquake hazard, strain on groundwater resources Growth of Dhaka Images from Chris Small http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/~small/dBang

5. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA 1979 Dhaka city: Rapid urbanization (unplanned) Area: 360 sqkm; Population: 9 million Population density: 25000/sqkm Population increase: 4.2% per year

6. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA SEISMIC & GPS NETWORK IN BANGLADESH Networks: 2 1. Dhaka University Earth Observatory -- Participating Universities: 7  Dhaka University  Rajshahi University  Khulna University  Shajalal University of Science & Technology (SUST)  Chittagong University  Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology (CUET)  Patuakhali Science & Technology University (PSTU) Seismic Stations -- 6 permanent & 6 portable GPS Stations -- 18 continuous 2. Bangladesh Meteorology Department (BMD) Seismic Observatories – 4 GPS Stations -- 4 University Consortium

7. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA SEISMIC & GPS NETWORK IN BANGLADESH DUEO & L-DEO Collaborative Research Program Permanent stations 1 Broadband Seismometer at Dhaka University – since 2003 2 Broadband + 1 Short Period Seismometers installed in May 2008 2 Short Period Seismometers – CUET & SUST – 2009 & 2011 Portable Seismic Array 3 BB & 3 SP Seismometers – Sylhet Array -- February 2007 – Tangail Array -- October 2008 – Chittagong Array -- August 2010 Bangladesh Meteorology Department (BMD) 6 Broadband Seismometers (2 borehole) -- June 2007 4 Short Period Seismometers – June 2007 Rajshahi University, Khulna University & PSTU

8. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Sensors Data Loggers Seismometer Specifications (a) Broadband -- Guralp, UK, CMG 40T (b) Short Period -- Mark Products, L-43D and L22D (c) Intermediate band -- Kinemetrics, USA, SV1/SH1, T0 (d) Broadband -- Geotech Instrument LLC, Dallas, KS-2000, 3 component with 120s to 50 Hz nearly flat response to input ground velocity. (e) Short Period -- Geospace LP, HS-10, vertical- or horizontal-component seismometer with natural period, T0=1s, and nominal gain of 118 V/M/s. (a) RT130 -- RefTek – 6-channel 24-bit A/D (b) RT72A-08 -- RefTek -- 3-channel 24-bit A/D (c) RT72A-02 --RefTek -- 6 channel 16-bit A/D Softwares PQL, Earthworm, Swarm, Hypoinverse & Antelope

9. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Permanent GPS installed 2003 and Permanent Seismic 1 - 2003; 5 - 2008 Continuous GPS 2007 Portable Seismic Array 2007-2008 2011 DUEO – LDEO Joint Research Program

10. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Tangail Array northwest of Dhaka, Nov. 2008-July 2010 -Small earthquakes detected and located in Tangail area -Cluster of earthquakes located in SW of Dhaka -Need to evaluate earthquake hazard at Dhaka

11. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Example Earthquake Catalog for Nov. 2008-May 2009 Near Dhaka, Bangladesh ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Id Date Time Latitude Long. Depth Mag rms Eh Ez Gap (yr-mo-dy) (hh:mm:ss) (ºN) (ºE) (km) (Md) (s) (km) (km) (º) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2008-11-18 23:00:44.55 23.475 90.719 28.2 3.0 0.08 0.99 0.33 329 2008-11-18 23:15:20.65 23.546 90.792 22.3 2.7 0.17 1.26 0.78 325 2008-11-18 23:16:43.21 23.631 90.845 14.5 1.6 0.33 2.23 31.61 321 2008-11-19 02:27:04.73 23.649 90.823 15.0 1.4 0.04 0.48 31.61 321 2008-11-19 14:46:44.64 23.536 90.762 23.1 2.2 0.14 0.96 0.51 326 2008-11-20 09:22:49.93 23.633 90.806 15.0 1.5 0.26 2.12 31.61 321 2008-11-21 07:28:48.18 23.724 90.833 15.0 1.5 0.06 0.51 31.61 317 2008-11-29 06:54:55.16 23.950 93.687 15.3 2.7 0.15 2.44 31.61 346 2008-12-03 09:31:50.82 23.541 90.779 25.1 1.8 0.14 1.01 0.42 325 2008-12-14 20:34:40.93 23.530 90.744 27.5 2.2 0.23 2.55 1.14 326 2009-01-01 16:37:22.89 25.015 91.773 14.5 2.5 0.43 3.89 31.61 329 2009-01-05 07:04:05.93 23.061 88.958 15.2 2.5 0.15 1.23 31.61 328 2009-01-06 16:03:28.25 24.473 89.895 27.6 2.2 0.12 0.68 0.32 173 2009-01-24 05:27:21.00 25.242 91.377 17.5 2.2 0.11 2.02 31.61 338 2009-01-29 00:35:00.18 23.917 88.958 8.7 2.5 0.29 3.59 1.65 316 2009-02-08 22:58:40.29 24.031 91.382 17.7 2.5 0.16 1.23 0.67 325 2009-02-15 19:35:55.03 26.174 89.731 16.1 3.1 1.64 56.66 31.61 351 2009-02-19 18:17:34.32 23.527 90.788 19.4 1.7 0.15 1.28 2.19 326 2009-03-04 03:56:14.54 24.146 89.866 14.9 1.0 0.50 2.09 31.61 209 2009-03-12 22:57:43.63 24.546 91.158 13.4 1.5 0.29 1.56 31.61 320 2009-03-12 22:57:45.44 24.516 91.057 15.0 1.6 0.26 2.30 31.61 317 2009-03-18 22:12:35.85 25.319 89.918 9.2 2.6 0.21 2.83 1.78 344 2009-03-24 10:59:35.07 24.402 90.249 33.2 1.4 0.18 1.05 0.60 229 2009-04-10 15:34:34.60 24.879 91.309 15.0 2.2 0.57 4.50 31.61 356 2009-04-13 21:11:18.15 24.080 91.316 14.2 2.0 0.39 2.71 2.29 313 2009-04-13 23:02:26.33 24.074 91.506 11.5 1.7 0.33 2.65 2.81 327 2009-05-04 09:18:46.15 23.540 89.838 15.0 1.4 1.19 9.13 31.61 292 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Md=coda duration magnitude; Ez =31.61 km when it was not resolved. -27 small earthquakes are located, Md 1.4-3.1 -Focal depths, 15 - 30 km -Construct a good velocity model for accurate location (3D?) -Need to develop a magnitude scale based on seismic moment

12. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA -During the 1 st year of PIRE Project (since Aug. 2010), Seismic stations are spread around Bangladesh to cover various topics in the project. -We will deploy additional six stations at Sylhet, Chittagong and Dhaka regions. Present Seismic Array

13. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA We established a basic networks of seismometers and GPS in collaboration with LDEO and support from NSF Portable seismometer Kanaighat Portable seismometer Sylhet GPS, Sitakund Permanent seismic station Dhaka GPS, Dhaka

14. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Transformation of Seismic and Geodesy Laboratory with modern training facility with support from USAID

15. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Fostering A Bangladeshi Seismological Community Through Training And Facility Development Workshop participants

16. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DHAK Roof of Geology Building, Dhaka University

17. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Shortening of Accretionary Prism

18. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Future Program -- continue present EQ monitoring program -- add more seismic stations to the network -- real time data acquisition from all stations -- earthquake catalog -- continue earthquake training program -- develop mass awareness -- develop cell phone base shake map

19. DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Thank you!