2.  What’s going on here?  There’s no way to know for sure what goes on in a reader’s head. And every reader probably reads a little differently. This is a presentation about some things that readers do, things that make them more successful, and make reading more fun. I call this “reading like a reader”.

3.  Readers ask good questions about the things they read. What kind of questions do they ask? Just about anything that comes to mind:  Why something is happening or not happening?  Why a character feels or act a certain way?  Things we wonder about or are confused by  Word we may not know the meanings of  ETC.  Questions help readers clarify their understanding.  Write down a few examples of good questions to ask in your notes.

4.  Readers make guess about what is coming up next. No reader, it seems, can resist thinking about what a writer is going to say next. It’s just part of human nature to anticipate things.  Predicting helps readers sort out important information from unimportant information; it helps them organize their thinking as they encounter new material.

5.  Readers figure out things about what they read that aren’t actually written in the text.  There’s almost always more to a story than just the words on the page.  Often, writers leave “clues” that good readers can use to discover important information.  Example: Mary looked toward the horizon, where dark clouds rumbled and tumbled together like thundering boulders. Her girlfriend was still not home.  Write your own example!

6.  Readers think about what their reading reminds them of.  We can’t help but be reminded of our own lives when we read.  We’re also reminded of similar things we’ve read in other texts and other parts of the same text we’re reading at the time.  Connecting helps you put together extra clues, and learn more as you read.

7.  Readers have feelings while they read; they express emotions. Sometimes, it seems like we have a direct connection to what we’re reading: sad parts make us feel sad, happy parts make us feel happy, scary parts scare us, and so on.  But often, the feelings we have are more subtle. We may feel them only slightly, for example, when we read with more expression.  Much of the meaning we get from a piece of writing comes from the emotions we feel when we read it.

8.  Readers make judgments while they read. Is this good? If so, what’s good about it? Do I like it? Why? Should I keep reading or should I put this down and get something else?  Readers are finicky, impatient, judgmental. The evaluations they make help them decide whether or not what they are reading is valuable and, if so, how they might use it.

9. …MORE notes already Ms. V??? Yes. More notes.

10.  Normally, when we read, we focus on what the writer is trying to say. When we read like a writer, however, we focus on how the writer is saying it.  we pay close attention to the techniques a writer is using and how those techniques contribute to the meaning of the piece and improve its quality. We may even borrow techniques we learn for our own writing!  I call this “reading like a writer”- when we read like this, there are six things we pay attention to:

11.  Ideas are the heart of the piece—what the writer is writing about and the information he or she chooses to reveal about it.  When we read like a writer, we try to answer questions like these:  How does the writer reveal the main idea?  What types of details does the writer use?  How does the writer achieve his or her purpose?  How does the writer’s choice of ideas affect the reader?

12.  Organization refers to the order of ideas and the way the writer moves from one idea to the next.  When we read like a writer, we try to answer questions like these:  Do I understand what’s happening?  Is it clear how the plot got to this point?  Is there something missing? A plot hole?

13.  What kinds of leads does the writer use and how do they pull us in and make us want to read more?  What kinds of endings does the writer use and how do they work to make the writing feel finished and to give us something important to think about?  How does the writer handle transitions?  What techniques does the writer use for sequencing?  How does the writer control pacing? Do they jump from one event to another too quickly?  Write an example of a good question to ask about ORGANIZATION when you read like a writer.

14.  Voice is how the writing feels to someone when they read it; it’s the expression of the writer’s individual personality through words.  When we read like a writer, we try to answer questions like:  How does the writer demonstrate passion for the topic?  How does the writer reveal emotions?  How does the writer put personality into the piece?

15.  Refers to the writer’s selection of particular words and phrases to express ideas.  When we read like a writer, we try to answer questions like these:  What techniques (simile, metaphor, strong verbs, etc.) does the writer use to make the word choice more specific, more memorable, and more effective?  Are my mental pictures vivid as I read this?  Are the words really specific and fresh, or repetitive and bland?

16.  Sentence fluency is the rhythm and flow of the language as we read it; it’s how the writing sounds when we read aloud.  When we read like a writer, we try to answer questions like…  What kind of sentence constructions does the writer use?  How does the writer vary the length and construction of his/her sentences?  How does the writer use “sound” effects like alliteration, rhyme, and rhythm?

17.  Conventions are the ways we agree to use punctuation, spelling, grammar, and other things that make writing consistent and easy to read.  When we read like a writer, we try to answer questions like these:  How does the writer use conventions to make the writing easy to read and more meaningful?  Does the author use conventions in unusual ways that are successful?  Is this difficult to read because of spelling, punctuation, or format?