1. Beyond the Stomach Small Intestine

2. Small Intestine Functions Most of the bodies digestion occurs in the small intestine All of the absorption of foodstuffs occurs in the small intestine

3. Small Intestine Parts Duodenum- shortest section, begins at the pyloric sphincter and runs 25 cm (10 in). “Duodenum” means 12, and is 12 fingers breadth in length. Jejunum- is about 1 meter in length, (3ft) Jejunum means “empty”, since at death it is found empty

4. SI parts continued Ileum- final portion of the small intestine. Ileum refers to twisted. The Ileum is about 2 meters in length (6 ft). It joins the large intestine at the ileo-cecal valve, which also marks the end of the small intestine.

5. Microvilli Microvilli line the entire small intestine. These folds drastically increase surface area, so absorptive rates are much higher

7. Note Blood vessels Simple columnar epithelium

8. Peristalsis Peristalsis is the wave like contractions of the alimentary canal propelling foodstuffs forward through the canal. Peristalsis is weaker in the small intestine that the stomach or esophagus. Chyme remains in your small intestine for 3-5 hours.

9. Absorption Most of the bodies absorption happens in the small intestine. Aided by villi Stomach wall is impermeable to the passage of most materials in to the blood, however, the stomach does absorb some water ions, certain drugs(especially asprin), and alcohol.

10. Other structures adding to SI Liver- bodies largest gland. Divided into 2 principal lobes (cat has 5 lobes). Liver is composed of hepatocytes. These hepatocytes secrete bile. 800-1000 ml per day Bile emulsifies lipids, which means is breaks down large lipid molecules. The principal bile pigment bilirubin, when bilirubin breaks down, it turns into a chemical called stercobilin, which give feces their normal brown color.

11. Liver continued Bile leaves the liver through the common bile duct. Bile is temporarily stored in the gall bladder. Bile has a dark green color, and the gall bladder is basically a bag, so it will have that dark green color as well.

13. Pancreas Pancreas secretes pancreatic amylase, which aides in carbohydrate digestion Pancreas also secretes pancreatic lipase- which also aides in the digestion of lipids Pancreas also secretes trypsin which aides in the digestion of proteins

14. More pancreatic secretions Chymotrypsin- aides in the digestion of proteins Carboxypeptidase- aides in the digestion of proteins.