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American Revolution Viewpoints 8.2.4 Compare the different groups of South Carolinians during the American Revolution
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First…a civil war in SC… ► Understand that not all South Carolinians agreed that the United States should be independent from Great Britain. ► The ideas of different South Carolinians during the American Revolution led to a civil war within South Carolina and had an impact on the success of the Patriot’s fight in the Revolutionary War.
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Political Leaders ► Political leaders were wealthy white men who were the land owners from the Low Country. ► Most were patriots who supported the idea of independence.
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► Political leaders in South Carolina created a provisional (temporary) government to control the colony during the war.
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Soldiers ► American colonist volunteered as soldiers to fight in colonial militias and with Patriot partisan groups.
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Patriots ► Patriots were those colonists who supported the Continental Congress and independence. ► Most were from the Low Country and fought in small militias (small army groups) in their own local areas.
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Loyalists ► South Carolina Loyalists, who remained loyal to the King and Great Britain, volunteered to fight on the side of the British. ► There were more Loyalists in South Carolina than in any of the other colonies, except New York.
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► Most soldiers in the Up Country were Loyalists. ► Many of the Upcountry people were not true loyalists in principal, but instead wanted to live their lives without interference.
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Conflict in South Carolina ► Lowcountry Patriots and Upcountry Loyalists fought each other in the Revolutionary War. ► When the war ended…loyalists left South Carolina for the Caribbean or Canada. Others were fined or “run out of town.”
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Partisans ► Partisans are patriots who fought in a guerrilla war against the British regular army. ► They overtook British soldiers in the countryside of SC by surprise in “hit- and-run” ambushes.
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Women of the War ► Women took care of the farms and plantations when the men were away at war. ► Many served as messengers or nurses. ► Women either supported the Patriot or the Loyalist cause.
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Many women in South Carolina were Patriots and supported war efforts
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African Americans and the War ► Most Africans continued to work as slaves in South Carolina. ► Some served as soldiers in the Continental Army.
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► Many in SC feared a slave uprising so at first the Continental Congress did not allow slaves to work in non- combat jobs like cooking for the army. ► Over time however, manpower was needed and Congress allowed slaves to work in the militia but not as soldiers.
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► African Americans fought in the Partisan bands, but were not allowed freedom for exchange for their army service in SC. ► African Americans fought also for the British and were promised freedom. ► Note: Recall who won?!?!?!?
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Native Americans and the War ► At first, many Native American tribes avoided war. ► American colonists attacked Native Americans on the frontier so Native Americans retaliated (fought back).
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► Many Native Americans supported the British because the British promised to return land back to the Indians. ► The Cherokee strongly supported the British and attacked the colonists.
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In summary… South Carolinians during the American Revolution included: Political Leaders PatriotsLoyalistsWomen Enslaved and free Africans Native Americans
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The End
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