1. Measles Symptoms: @ Skin rash, fever, running nose, Cough @ Transmission by inhalation Lab. D iagnosis: @ Collect throat swab, blood, urine @ Blood for serology @ Detect antigen by immunofluorescence @ Human embryo lung tissue culture.

3. Properties: @ Family Paramyxovirus. 1 serological type @ RNA virus, single stranded, enveloped, helical capsid Vaccination: @ Live attenuated vaccine @ Part of the MMR (measles-mumps- rubella), Given at 12-18 months of age

5. RUBELLA Symptoms: @ Fever and skin rash @ Swelling of wrists @ Congenital : deafness, cataract, cardiac defects Properties: @ Togavirus family, 1 serotype, @ RNA virus, single stranded, enveloped @ Helical capsid

8. Lab. Diagnosis: @ Two sera for virus serology. Look for IgG and IgM antibodies @ Inoculate rabbit Kidney tissue culture @ Single radial haemolysis test to detect immunity in pregnant women

10. @ IgG neg & IgM neg : No infection and no immunity @ IgG neg & IgM pos : Acute infection and no immunity @ IgG pos & IgM pos :Acute infection and past infection @ IgG pos & IgM neg : immunity and No infection

12. Vaccination: @ Live attenuated vaccine with the MMR vaccine @ Given in 2 nd.year of life.

14. MUMPS Symptoms: @ Fever, @ Swelling of the parotid glands @ Swelling of the submaxillary glands @ Meningitis, orchitis, pancreatitis, oophoritis, thyroiditis Transmission by inhalation Vaccination by the MMR vaccine

16. Properties: @ Paramyxovirus, 1 serological type @ RNA virus, single stranded @ Enveloped, helical capsid, Lab. Diagnosis: @ Collect blood, CSF, throat washings @ Inoculate monkey kidney tissue culture @ Serology

18. ROTA VIRUS Properties: @ Most common cause of gastroenteritis in young children. @ Reovirus family, double-stranded RNA virus, icosahedral capsid. @ Divided into 3 groups A, B and C. @ Has six serotypes

20. Symptoms: @ Nausea, vomiting, @ Watery, non bloody diarrhea. @ Dehydration Management: @ No specific treatment @ A live, attenuated rotavirus vaccine is under preparation

22. Laboratory Diagnosis: @ Detection of rotavirus antigens in stool by radioimmunoassay or ELISA. @ Use of immunoelectron microscopy @ Serology: ELISA, & latex agglutination. A 4-fold rise in antibody titer is needed @ Culture is not routinely done.