1. P37 WHAT IS CANADIAN? I am one of those Canadians who is very proud of my country. I listen to Canadian music,watch Canadian sports and read Canadian books. The problem is, sometimes it is not easy to know what is really Canadian.We encourage people who come to Canada to be proud of their own culture and keep their own customs.Everybody who lives here expect the Native Indians came from somewhere else or their ancestors did. Canada is a mixture of many cultures and races. It is what we call a multicultural country. We have two official languages, French and English. Perhaps Chinese will soon be the third most common language in Canada! Even though we encourage people to keep their own customs,we expect everyone to learn French or English in order to live in Canada.If you live in the Province of Quebec,you are expected to speak French.The native people in Canada, the

2. Native Indians and the Inuit, are trying to keep their languages alive.You can hear some of their languages in the names of rivers and lakes as well as cities.“Canada”means “village”and names like Toronto and Ottawa are also Native Indian names. There are radio and television programs and newspapers and magazines in over 80 different languages across Canada.The Toronto city government offers help to people in 70 languages. Many of our big cities have areas where people from various cultures choose to live –there might be a Chinatown, a Little Italy, a Korea Town and so on. People whose families have lived in Canada for a long time are sure to be all mixed up.My own family is a mixture of English, Native Indian and French. My neighbour’s family is Chinese, German and African! So when I say that I am proud to be a Canadian, maybe you can help me decide what a Canadian is.

3. Suggested answers: 1. It is not easy to know what a Canadian is because Canada is a mixture of many cultures and races/peoples whose families have lived in Canada for a long time are sure to be all mixed up. 2. Canada encourages people to keep their own customs /languages. 3. The two official languages in Canada are English and French. 4. Native Indians and Inuit are trying to keep their languages alive. 5. The speaker’s family is a mixture of English, Native Indian and French. 6. More than 80 languages are used in radio and TV programmes.

4. 7. You may find areas where many Chinese, Italians and Koreans choose to love. They are called Chinatown, Little Italy and Korea Town.

5. P69 Suggested answers to Exercise 1: 1.False The cousins were asked to talk about China to their new Canadian friends. 2.True China is a very large country with many different areas to describe. It is over 9 million square kilometers in area. 3.False China is about 5,000 kilometres from east to west. 4.True China has mountains and highlands in the west where many great rivers have their sources. 5.False The Gobi Desert is sand and dust. The prairies in Canada are a wheat growing area where the earth does not blow away. 6.True Even the Great Wall cannot keep the dust from blowing south.

6. 7. False People in both Canada and the USA speak English, so it is easy for them to talk to each other. 8. False Canada has the world famous waterfall, but China hasn’t yet.

7. CHINA AND CANADA Li Daiyu and Liu Qian were asked to tell their new Canadian friends about China.What would they talk about? China is a very large country, with many provinces and regions.It is about 9,561,000 square kilometres in area, and 5,000 kilometres from east to west. That is one reason why it is difficult to talk about. Perhaps it is easier to compare it to Canada. China has many of the highest mountains in the world. They are in the west of the country, as they are in Canada, but China has more mountains and highlands where many great rivers have their sources. To the north of China are Mongolia and Russia. To the north of Canada,there are no other countries, only the Arctic ice and snow. There is nothing in Canada like the great Gobi Desert, in the

8. northwest of China. In winter and spring the cold air blows dust southward from the desert. Even the 6,700 kilometres Great Wall cannot keep out the dust. China has fifteen neighbouring countries, and its borders with these countries are over 20,000 kilometers long. Canada has only one neighbour to the south, the USA. People in both Canada and the USA speak English, so it is easy for them to talk to each other. It is not so easy for Chinese people to talk with all their neighbours, even if they live within a few kilometers of the border. Both countries have long rivers and many lakes as well as busy port cities on the Pacific Ocean. China has the third longest river in the world, the Changjiang River, and Canada has Niagara Falls, the world famous waterfall. Canada has nothing like the island of Hainan in the south of

9. China. From North to South, China covers 5,500 kilometres. While it is snowing and freezing in Mohe on the Russian Border, people in Hainan can sit on the beach in the sunshine. There is nowhere to sit on the beach in winter in Canada!

10. P72 Oscar Peterson Home town Job Kind of music Number of recordings and CDs Plays with… Montreal Musician/piano player Over 150 His trio/the greatest jazz musicians in the world Jazz

11. Dr Nancy Olivieri Home town Job Found a drug that… Refused to… Is a hero to… Toronto Doctor/medical researcher was dangerous to children accept/approve of the drug honest medical scientists

12. Wayne Gretsky Is called… Job Is the best.. He believed in.. He was a star because he scored… The Great One Ice hockey player player who ever lived working with the team a record number of goals

13. Important Canadians A great jazz piano player is a … CANADIAN! Musicians There are many Canadian musicians who have made important contributions to the music of the world.Oscar Peterson is a pianist from Montreal who is one of the “jazz giants”of the world.He has made over 150 recordings and CDs and has played with the greatest jazz musicians in history. Although he is quite old now, he still goes on tour with his trio. A brave medical researcher is a … CANADIAN! Scientists Dr. Nancy Olivieri, a children’s doctor from Toronto, has become famous for refusing to accept a drug that she was working on. A big drug company had paid her to do

14. the research, and when she found that the drug was dangerous to children, she insisted on making a public report. The drug company and the hospital where she worked said they would make her pay for being honest and make her lose her job.She refused to change her report, and is now a hero to honest medical scientists. The best hockey player in the world is a …CANADIAN! Athletes Everyone who is interested in ice hockey has heard of the Canadian star Wayne Gretsky, “The Great One.”People say he is the greatest hockey player who ever lived, and he is most admired for the fact that he was a real team player.He believed that working with the team to score goals was more important than being the star. In spite of this, he WAS the star player and scored a record number of goals.