1. WP4: Political Challenges Ricard Zapata Barrero Blanca Garces Mascarenas, GRITIM, Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES

2. Objectives WP4 To investigate meanings and practices of tolerance when it comes to issues of migrant or native minority political representation and participation To investigate what kind of cultural diversity is considered compatible with the ‘secular’ politics of western democracies? What special claims and requests are tolerated? To investigate how the embodiment of tolerance in political life norms and practices relates to concepts such as multiculturalism, liberalism, respect, understanding, national heritage and national tradition ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES

3. Focus WP4 Special requests that migrant or native minorities may raise to the political system regarding political representation and participation In particular, alternative institutional structures and channels for the political representation of migrant or native minorities Key challenging event that led to a debate about what is acceptable/tolerable difference in politics and what is not acceptable/tolerable ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES

4. To keep in mind 1. Kind of diversity: ethnicity, religion, nationality, gender, race, language 2. Forms of representation: associations, political parties, unions, etc. Channels of participation: consultative bodies, demonstrations, etc. 3. Formation process: top-down, bottom-up 4. Key challenging event: risk to end up with a non- event ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES

5. Discussion ROBERT SCHUMAN CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES What do we mean by practices of tolerance? Can we talk about requests that are tolerated in the field of poltiical participation? Could we instead focus on processes of negotiation around political participation and negotiation? How to approach these processes of negotiation using the three acceptance indicators proposed by Tariq and Veit?