1. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 Working in Radiation Environments 2016 OPS Staytreat Michael J. Borden 28 June 2016

2. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 Contents  ALARA  Work Practices  Engineering Solutions  References-Sources Omega Bridge, Technical Area 3 Insert chart, picture, etc., here Slide 2

3. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 ALARA Principles  As Low As Reasonably Achievable  All radiation dose should be minimized – DOE sets higher bounds for dose limits 5000 mrem per year per radiation worker – Many DOE Labs set 2000 mrem per year as maximum and 1000 mrem per year as requiring action – Intra-laboratory manage to much less than this, our goal is 400 mrem per year maximum Slide 3

4. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 Time, Distance, Shielding (decay time)  Minimize the work time – Work planning, use mock-ups, special tools, special connections, use experienced personnel (Use Radiation Resistant Materials)  Distance – Move Connection points, use special tools, move work to low dose rate regions  Shielding – Many types, effective and cost can be low Slide 4

5. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 Formable Mobile Shielding  Blankets come in many sizes  Easy to use  Dose reduction 2-3  Care is needed installing and removing to prevent equipment damage  Can be heavy Slide 5

6. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 Portable Shielding Blanket  4” Vacuum Valve wrapped in plasticized lead blanket  Dose reduction factor of 2 - 3  Work moved to bench away from distributed sources Slide 6

7. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 Rolling Shielding  Lead Sheet 1/8” covered with aluminum  Simple Frame  Wide area possible  Wheels for positioning  Easily Factor of 2-3 dose reduction Slide 7

8. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 Custom Engineered Shielding  Steel Shield 3” thick  Dose reduction factor of 10  Requires Crane or forklift  Requires special engineered support  Relatively expensive  Bolts on top edge allow ropes or hooks to be used during installation at distance Slide 8 Alignment guide feature

9. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 Shield Support and Installation  Shield alignment features mate with 3 aluminum bayonets for remote positioning Slide 9

10. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 Preplan for Maintenance  Move utility connections as far away as possible from radiation source  Use equipment as shielding, magnets are particularly effective Slide 10

11. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 Minimize Use of Plastics  Vacuum valve with copper airline distribution and supply manifold lines Slide 11

12. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 Use Special Tools  Simple Socket speed wrench  Maximizes distance  Minimizes time  Hand “feel” recommended over power tools and contamination control may be an issue Slide 12

13. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 Consider Using Special Connections  CERN Radiation Hard Beam Position Monitor  Custom single bolt metal seal flange system  Saves time  Requires care  Cost factor of 10 more Slide 13

14. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 Consider Remote Work Direction  Monitoring station with remote zoom, pan, tilt features  May allow remote work direction or inspection  Cost and maintenance can be high (wireless tech much better now) Slide 14

15. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 Radiation Resistant Cables  Use Polyimide based insulation- “Kapton”  This is a “pigtail” used to transition from a very high radiation area to standard signal cable  Increased lifetime and easy to change Slide 15

16. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 Long Life Radiation Hard Harp  Alumina boards  Machinable ceramic connectors  Metal supports and strain relief  All soldered joints  In vacuum  10E8 Rad lifetime Slide 16

17. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 Radiation Resistant Collector  Multilayer copper mica sandwich for stepped beam collector  Kapton insulated wiring for each layer  Gold plated spring connectors Slide 17

18. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 33 CM Diameter Rad Hard Harp  Alumina boards  Multilayer SiC spring mounted beam intercepting signal wires  Stainless Steel sheathed MgO insulated signal cables  >10E8 Rads Slide 18

19. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 Rad Hard Harp and Current Monitor  Wiring Detail for Stainless Steel sheathed, MgO insulated, hermetically sealed with copper conductor (top)  Transition to bare conductor (middle) to ceramic beaded flexible copper wire (bottom)  >10E8 Rads Slide 19

20. Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA UNCLASSIFIED LAUR-16-24499 Source Information 1.Radiation Protection For Particle Accelerator Facilities, NCRP Report 144, ISBN 0-929600-77-0, March 2005 2.Radiation Safety for the Design and Operation of Particle Accelerators, ANSI/HPS N43.1-2011 3.Radiation Effects Design Handbook, Section 3 Electrical Insulating Materials and Capacitors, C. L. Hanks and D. J. Hamman, NASA CR-1787, 1971 4.Long-Term Radiation Effects on Commercial Cable-Insulating Materials Irradiated at CERN, P. Maier and A. Stolarz, CERN 83- 08, 4 August 1983 5.Compilation of Radiation Damage Test Data, H. Schonbacher, A. Stolarz-Izycka, P. Maier, Part I, II, III; CERN 79-04, 79-08 and 82-10 Respectively. Slide 20