1. American Revolution Chapter 5

2. 2 nd Continental Congress Divided between different groups

3. Independence group: John Adams Richard Henry Lee Ben Franklin

4. Stay with England: John Dickenson

5. Olive Branch Petition Dec. of Cause & Necessity of Taking Up Arms Actions by Congress

6. British Reaction Prohibitory Act: *Declares colonies in revolt *blockade declared

7. England also wants to Recruit Indians and Slaves Hire Mercenaries

8. Common Sense January 1776 Thomas Paine

9. Problem not any particular act, it was the corrupt system including king System not fit to rule America

10. June 7, 1776 Richard Henry Lee proposes independence

11. Declaration Committee Adams Franklin Sherman Livingston Jefferson

12. Declaration of Independence 1 st part-philosophy of rebellion *based on Locke 2 nd part-crimes of the king *broke Social Contract

14. Congress creates Continental Army Commander: George Washington

15. Why Washington? Wealthy planter Military experience Early advocate of independence From Virginia From Virginia!!!

16. Why is Washington so important? *keeps army together *symbol for the people *sets precedent for military subservience to government

17. Problems for Colonies *No industry No ability large scale manufacturing of guns No ability for heavy arms

18. *No established army or navy Must build everything from scratch

19. *No way to finance war -Congress can’t tax -states don’t raise enough only 6% of revenue

20. Congress and states both print money *causes inflation *some prefer to deal with British

21. One method of getting money and supplies? France and Holland

22. *Not enough volunteers Not as many join up after first year

23. What advantage do the colonies have? THEY DON’T HAVE TO DEFEAT THE BRITISH

24. 3 Phases of the War

25. New England Phase

26. *Bunker Hill *Brits leave Boston *Invasion of Canada

27. Mid Atlantic Phase

29. *Brooklyn Heights *Harlem Heights *White Plains *Trenton *Princeton

30. British Plan for 1777 Gen Howe north from NYC towards Albany Gen Burgoyne south from Canada

32. SARATOGA October 17, 1777

33. France Recognizes America Gives money, guns, navy

34. Southern Phase The search for Loyalists

35. Cornwallis goes to Southern Colonies Expects lots of loyalist to join him

36. Loyalist are few Can’t trap American troops under Nathaniel Greene Cornwallis gets frustrated, can only control areas he occupies

37. Washington, Rochambeau, and de Grasse go south

39. YORKTOWN October 17,1781 Cornwallis surrenders

40. “The World Turned Upside down”

41. Adams, Franklin and Jay September 3, 1783 *independence *Canada to Florida Atlantic to Mississippi PEACE TREATY

42. LOSERS *Loyalists *Anglican Church *Quakers

43. Catholics – only for a while

44. STATE GOVERNEMNTS * Based on colonial experience *Written *weak/no Executive *many have Bill of Rights