1. WORLD HISTORY: PERIODIZATION

2. WHAT IS PERIODIZATION? Each period is defined by three conditions Each period is defined by three conditions A geographical component A geographical component When civilization contracts, shrinks When civilization contracts, shrinks When civilization spreads from smaller to wider area When civilization spreads from smaller to wider area Increase, decrease in contacts across regions Increase, decrease in contacts across regions Emergence of parallel developments across globe Emergence of parallel developments across globe Dates not best way to define a period Dates not best way to define a period Period may occur Period may occur At different time At different time In different regions In different regions

3. FOUNDATION PERIOD From 8,000 BC to 500 BC From 8,000 BC to 500 BC Begins with agriculture Begins with agriculture Begins with sedentarism Begins with sedentarism Generally small city-states, states Generally small city-states, states Two Sub-periods Two Sub-periods Neolithic Neolithic Ancient River Valley Civilizations Ancient River Valley Civilizations Ends with rise of large, regional empires Ends with rise of large, regional empires

4. CLASSICAL PERIOD 500 BC to AD 600 500 BC to AD 600 Large, regional empires Large, regional empires Military aristocracies Military aristocracies Integrate regions Integrate regions Permanent traditions Permanent traditions Regional Civilizations Regional Civilizations China, India, SW Asia (Cuneiform), Mediterranean China, India, SW Asia (Cuneiform), Mediterranean Mesoamerica and Andean America Mesoamerica and Andean America Strong contacts between regional centers Strong contacts between regional centers Many areas outside classical civilizations Many areas outside classical civilizations Ends with massive nomadic invasions Ends with massive nomadic invasions

5. POST-CLASSICAL AGE Begins 6OO AD to AD 1450 Begins 6OO AD to AD 1450 Began with rise of Islam Began with rise of Islam First trans-regional civilization First trans-regional civilization Spans Eurasia and Africa Spans Eurasia and Africa Era of two great powers: Islam, China Era of two great powers: Islam, China Spread of universalizing religions, philosophies Spread of universalizing religions, philosophies Saw rise of new civilization centers Saw rise of new civilization centers Emergence of network of global contacts Emergence of network of global contacts Ended due to Mongols, Black Death Ended due to Mongols, Black Death

6. CONNECTING EAST & WEST ERA Begins 1450 AD TO AD 1750 Begins 1450 AD TO AD 1750 Rise of gunpowder empires Rise of gunpowder empires Rise of Western Europe Rise of Western Europe World Shrinks World Shrinks All continents included in world network All continents included in world network Global trade develops for first time Global trade develops for first time Great exchanges Great exchanges Goods, products, flora, fauna, people, germs Goods, products, flora, fauna, people, germs Ideas especially European, Christianity Ideas especially European, Christianity

7. AGE of REVOLUTION 1750 to 1914: “The West and the Rest” 1750 to 1914: “The West and the Rest” Era of massive technological change Era of massive technological change Era of many revolutions Era of many revolutions Technological Technological Political Political Social, Intellectual Social, Intellectual Vast trade networks Vast trade networks Western Global Hegemony Western Global Hegemony Great Britain, France, Germany, Russia Great Britain, France, Germany, Russia USA, Japan are newest powers USA, Japan are newest powers Dominance of Western Culture Dominance of Western Culture

8. MODERN ERA 1914 to Present “Change, Change, Change” 1914 to Present “Change, Change, Change” The American Century, Retreat of Europe The American Century, Retreat of Europe Rise of Pacific Rim, India Rise of Pacific Rim, India Collapse of European empires Collapse of European empires Modernization vs. westernization Modernization vs. westernization Modernization vs. traditionalism Modernization vs. traditionalism Rise of new political forms Rise of new political forms Mass culture Mass culture Technology, telecommunications dominate age Technology, telecommunications dominate age