1. Rulers of Russia and Central Europe Chapter 4 Section 4

2. Main Idea The czars of Russia struggled with the westernization of their empire. Powerful families battled for control of Central Europe.

3. Czar Title for Russian rulers Adaptation of “caesar” Used by Romans to mean “emperor” First Russian Czar was Ivan, who wanted absolute power

4. Ivan the IV a.k.a. Ivan the Terrible Some positive reforms, expanded borders and trade Changed when he became suspicious and violent Wife died, mental illness, killed his own son

5. Ivan the Terrible

6. Peter I a.k.a Peter the Great 6’6”, strong personality, energetic Built navy with carpenters Biggest accomplishment was westernization –Modernization by introducing western European culture into other countries

7. Peter the Great

8. St. Petersburg

11. Catherine the Great German-born wife of czar Peter III Catherine and many Russian nobles grew angry at his weak rule Became empress after her husband’s murder

12. Catherine the Great

13. Thirty Years’ War War between Catholics and Protestants in Europe (1618- 1648) Treaty of Westphalia(1648)- ended Thirty Years’ War

14. Review Who killed Ivan the Terrible’s son? What is the Russian title for leader? Where does the term “czar” come from? What ended the Thirty Years’ War? Who westernized Russia? Ivan the IV was the first what of Russia?