1. Composition and Type Maps

2. Map Projections Definition –  The earth's curved surface can not be accurately transferred onto a flat surface such as a map.  Transferring a curved surface to a flat map results in distortion of the surface features.

3. Mercator Projection Latitude and Longitude lines are straight Easy for navigational purposes Landmasses are heavily distorted (particularly at the poles)

4. Winkel Tripel Shapes and land size are mildly inaccurate (most distortion at the poles) No major distortions Well suited for general purpose mapping; rarely used for any region other than the entire world 1998- National Geographic Society adopts the Winkel Tripel Projection as its projection of choice – gains popularity

5. Goode’s Interrupted (The Orange) Looks as if a globe was peeled and laid flat Minimal distortion of landmasses Designed to show important places (continents) with little distortion by minimizing oceans

6. Compass Rose  Used to display the orientation of the Cardinal Directions: North, South, East and West Direction - orientation

7. North Pole at the top is traditional and arbitrary

8. Reversed Photograph  Original Photograph

9. The Purpose of a legend or key is to show the meaning of different symbols used in the map. Maps have a Legend or a Key

12. Scale indicates the relationship between a certain distance on the map and the distance on the ground Scale

13. A map's title provides important clues about the cartographer's intentions and goals Title

14. Types of Maps

15. Physical maps of the world, depict the physical features of its continents and geographical regions by means of colors, gradients and shades http://www.mapsofworld.com/physical-map/ Physical Map

18. Political maps show governmental boundaries of countries, states, and counties, major cities and important bodies of water. Political Maps

22. a map showing physical features, usually by means of contour lines. Topographic maps

25. Map of natural resources of an area Resource Map

28. A map in which data is shown thematically. Cartograms