1. Renaissance “Rebirth of Education” “Rebirth of Education”

2. Italy Centers of trade: Milan, Venice, Florence Centers of trade: Milan, Venice, Florence Wealthy families ran cities: Wealthy families ran cities: - Milan – Sforza family - Milan – Sforza family - Florence – Medici family - Florence – Medici family Upper class movement Upper class movement Secular view: worldly, physical; church view decline (less spiritual) Secular view: worldly, physical; church view decline (less spiritual)

3. New Politics/New Monarchs Niccolo Machiavelli (political philosopher) Niccolo Machiavelli (political philosopher) - The Prince - The Prince - How to rule effectively - How to rule effectively - How to keep one’s power - How to keep one’s power - Rejected morality - Rejected morality - Keep power #1 priority - Keep power #1 priority - Machiavellian Rule - Machiavellian Rule

4. Humanism Secularism Secularism Individualism Individualism Humanism: Grammar, rhetoric, history, poetry, literature Humanism: Grammar, rhetoric, history, poetry, literature Petrarch – 1 st Man of the Renaissance Petrarch – 1 st Man of the Renaissance - 1304 – 1374 - 1304 – 1374 - interest in civic duty (helping out - interest in civic duty (helping out your town or city) your town or city)

5. Renaissance Life Nobles: Nobles: - Baldassare Castiglione - Baldassare Castiglione - The Book of the Courtier - The Book of the Courtier - guide book for proper - guide book for proper manners of noble people manners of noble people

6. Commoners Peasants Peasants - 85 – 90% of population - 85 – 90% of population - high rate of poverty - high rate of poverty - Arranged marriages - Arranged marriages - Male dominant society - Male dominant society

7. Everyday Life Physical work Physical work Housing: Housing: - most lived in small thatch roofed - most lived in small thatch roofed houses houses - little furniture - little furniture - straw sacks for beds; “bed bugs” - straw sacks for beds; “bed bugs” Food: new food items introduced Food: new food items introduced Recreation: gatherings, holidays, plays Recreation: gatherings, holidays, plays

8. Superstitions Christian in faith, but wanted some explanation for daily events Christian in faith, but wanted some explanation for daily events Witchcraft Witchcraft - Some Good Witches - wise - Some Good Witches - wise Peoples Peoples - Bad Witches – deal with Satan - Bad Witches – deal with Satan Accusations centered on women Accusations centered on women Witch hunting began Witch hunting began

9. Learning Advances Still only a few people could read, but printing books began Still only a few people could read, but printing books began - Printing Press – Johannes Gutenberg 1450 - Printing Press – Johannes Gutenberg 1450 Almanacs, Bibles Almanacs, Bibles

10. New Roles Traditional views decline Traditional views decline Self-sufficiency start to fade Self-sufficiency start to fade Governments play larger role in people’s lives Governments play larger role in people’s lives