2. Bones of the Skull The skull is made of many bones Suture joints separate bones in the skull

3. Sinuses in the Skull Hollow cavities in the skull Lighten the skull

4. Medical Condition - Sinusitis Inflammation of sinus tissue Caused by bacteria or allergy

5. Uh Oh…..better tell my TA I won’t be in lab this week!!!

6. Medical Condition - Cleft Palate Genetic defect affecting 1 in 1,000 babies Occurs when palatine bones do not fuse in roof of mouth

7. Sections of the Vertebral Column

8. Cervical Vertebrae The first 7 vertebrae Contain a foremen in the transverse process Transverse foramen allows passage of ______ artery

9. Fig. 10.13 The Atlas and Axis The 1 st and 2 nd cervical vertebrae Atlas ‘holds up the skull’ and allows “yes” movement of head Atlas has broad vertebral foramen Axis lets the atlas and head rotate in a “no” movement Axis has the dens/odontoid process

10. Thoracic Vertebrae The 12 vertebrae of the chest A rib attaches to each transverse process Have heart-shaped vertebral body Spinous process points downward

11. Lumbar Vertebrae The 5 lowest vertebrae Massive shape. Why? Kidney bean-shaped vertebral body Triangular-shaped vertebral foramen

12. How will I remember the number of vertebrae? 7 Cervical Vertebrae = 7:00 AM Breakfast 12 Thoracic Vertebrae = 12:00 Lunch 5 Lumbar Vertebrae = 5:00 PM Dinner/Supper

13. The Sacrum and Coccyx (tailbone) Coccyx Sacrum 5 fused vertebrae Blood vessels & Nerve Passage

14. Intervertebral Disks Pad of cartilage in-between vertebrae Facilitate spinal movement and prevent friction

15. Medical Condition - Herniated Disks Swollen intervertebral disk pinches nerve (e.g. sciatic nerve) One of the most common causes of back pain Commonly caused by old age, car accidents, or…. Normal Disk Herniated Disk

16. …..walking across countries.

18. Medical Condition - Scoliosis S-shaped curvature to spine Caused by disease or poor posture

19. 1-7 True Ribs 8-12 False Ribs 11,12 Floating Ribs