2. J Fuhrman 4/2012 Judy Fuhrman Riverside Unified School District 4/2012 First Phonics Spelling Expectancies for K-2 Intervention

3. J Fuhrman 4/2012 First Phonics English orthography is highly predictable. Most words follow common spelling generalizations. The challenge is to represent 44 speech sounds with only 26 letters.

4. J Fuhrman 4/2012 First Phonics Buzz, the famous Spelling Bee, will share some of the most widely used generalizations that beginning readers should know. Click once to advance to the next slide. Do not click again until the narration and animation is complete for the slide.

5. J Fuhrman 4/2012 SHORT VOWELS closed syllables and “ea” This red bug’s head has spots. What is a closed syllable?

6. J Fuhrman 4/2012 OPEN & CLOSED SYLLABLES This red bug’s head has spots. Open Syllable When a single vowel is found at the end of a syllable/word, the sound says its letter name. There is nothing to close in the vowel, much like this open door. (e.g. I, so, he) hi Closed Syllable In English, when a single vowel is followed by a consonant, the sound says its short sound. The consonant closes in the syllable much like this closed door. What do you notice about the words below? hit

7. J Fuhrman 4/2012 SHORT VOWELS closed syllables and “ea” This red bug’s head has spots. Okay, but what about ea? The only vowel combination that makes a short sound is ea.

8. J Fuhrman 4/2012 LUCKY WORDS Knowledge of closed syllables helps with other common spelling expectancies. Some one-syllable short vowel words get lucky and get an extra letter!

9. LUCKY WORDS one syllable short vowel words Quick When we hear /k/ right after the short vowel, add -ck.

10. LUCKY WORDS one syllable short vowel words Quick Jeff will pass Buzz. When we hear /f/, /l/, /s/, or /z/ right after the short vowel, double the final letter.

11. J Fuhrman 4/2012 LUCKY WORDS one syllable short vowel words Quick Jeff will pass Buzz and catch fish. When we hear /ch/ right after the short vowel, add -tch.

12. J Fuhrman 4/2012 LUCKY WORDS one syllable short vowel words Quick Jeff will pass Buzz. and catch fish on the bridge. When we hear /j/ after the short vowel, add dge.

13. J Fuhrman 4/2012 LUCKY WORDS one syllable short vowel words Quick Jeff will pass Buzz. and catch fish on the bridge. Wow! Seven rules in one!

14. J Fuhrman 4/2012 LUCKY WORDS one syllable short vowel words Of course, there are always a few exceptions. much such rich which as bus gas has is this us yes if pal

15. J Fuhrman 4/2012 Besides –ck, I know other ways to spell /k/.

16. J Fuhrman 4/2012 C, K, or -CK In English, c is more common than k. When in doubt, use c. When in doubt, use c. Always use c before a, o, and u. Can I have a cup of cocoa at the picnic*? *end 2+ syllable words

17. J Fuhrman 4/2012 C, K, or -CK *end one syllable words Use k before i, e, or y. Use k at the end of one syllable words... Use k at the end of one syllable words... unless the /k/ comes right after the short vowel. Then use... –ck. –ck. Quick Ken’s pink* kite flies in the sky. sky.

18. J Fuhrman 4/2012 Can I have a cup of cocoa at the picnic*? Quick Ken’s pink* kite flies in the sky. sky. C, K, or -CK *end 2+ syllable words *end one syllable words Whew! Time for a breather!

19. J Fuhrman 4/2012V never end a word with v, add e Volcanoes have lava.

20. J Fuhrman 4/2012 That was easy. Now, to tackle /j/.

21. J Fuhrman 4/2012 J Ginger, the gymnast, jumps over a large hedge. We only find a j at the beginning of a syllable/word. We use –ge at the end of a word, unless it is lucky. Then, we use... –dge. –dge. bridge There are other possibilities

22. J Fuhrman 4/2012 J Ginger, the gymnast, jumps over a large hedge. Common exceptions include... gear, get, gift, giggle, gill, girl /j/ can also be spelled with gi, ge, and gy /j/ can also be spelled with gi, ge, and gy.

23. J Fuhrman 4/2012 G add a u before i, e or y This guy plays good guitar for his guests. Without the letter u, we would hear /j/.

24. J Fuhrman 4/2012 S An icy house sits peacefully in a Swiss city. ci, ce, and cy say /s/. Let’s extend what we know... Lucky words are spelled –ss. 1 syllable words that are not “lucky” are often spelled –se. An icy house sits peacefully in a Swiss city. An icy house sits peacefully in a Swiss city. An icy house sits peacefully in a Swiss city.

25. J Fuhrman 4/2012 There are some place value generalizations, such as, use ai at the beginning or middle of a syllable and –ay at the end of a syllable, but we won’t address them here. They can be found in the Spelling Rules document. There you have it.

26. J Fuhrman 4/2012 The voice of the Spelling Bee was provided by 6 th grader Andrew Stetkevich from Victoria Elementary School.