1. I. French and Indian War A. Both France and Britain claimed the same valuable land by Great Lakes and along the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers (Ohio River Valley) B. Whoever won the war controlled North America

2. Great BritainFrance 1,500,000 citizens90,000 citizens Half – Hazard militiaWell trained militia Few Native American AlliesNetworked and respected by Native Americans

4. II. Timeline of the French and Indian War A. January 1754 1. French are occupying land south of Lake Erie in Pennsylvania 2. British believe this is their land 3. Col. George Washington is dispatched to inform French to vacate (define) the area

5. B. May 1754 1. French refuse to leave 2. Washington hastily builds Fort Necessity and attacks small band of Frenchmen a. Victory is short lived, attacked by French and English sent packing

6. C. British begin build up 1.British anticipated French reaction and began to align with Iroquois Nation 2. Benjamin Franklin a politician who was outspoken about uniting Colonies for the common good

7. E. 1760 to 1763 1. Skirmishes continue along frontier (in red on map) F. 1763 1. Treaty of Paris a. Britain gains French territory in Canada and west to the Mississippi III. Colonies are proud of united victory and being part of the British Empire D. 1759 1. British defeat French in Quebec a. defeat seals France’s fate

8. End of the French and Indian War I. Peace Treaty of 1763 A. Ended 7 years of war 1. War began in North America 2. Spread to Europe, Africa and India B. War over by 1760 in North America 1. Fall of Quebec and Montreal sealed France’s fate a. Fortified cities were supply line for all of France’s North American holdings C. Signing was held in Augusta, Georgia

9. D. Many groups attended 1. 25 Native American Chiefs 2. 4 Colonial Governors 3. British Officials E. Land Britain gained 1. Present day Canada 2. Land East of the Mississippi River a. Land West of the Mississippi River remains French 3. Great Lakes region and the Mississippi River were main reason for the War a. Allowed the importing and exporting of goods by backcountry farmers Mohawk chief Joseph Brant's Iroquois name was Thayendanega

10. French/Spanish

11. II. Native Americans A. Pontiac Uprising (1763 to the fall of 1764) 1. Native Americans aligned or created an alliance with the French in an attempt to drive English from Native American land 2. Fear settlers would flood into region fed uprising a. attacked British held Forts in the West b. attacked and burned lone homesteads c. By the fall of 1763; 600 British had been killed or captured

12. B. Proclamation Line 1. Imaginary line, which stretches down the spine of the Appalachian Mountains a. Homesteaders west of the “line” had to return b. All land west of “line” was forbidden to settlers i. Land between “line” and Mississippi River was considered a Native American Reservation c. Enforced by British Troops 2. To settle conflict and save money from future attacks How did the French and Indian War unite the 13 Colonies?