1. UNIT 2 – REVIEW

2. CHAPTER 5 NATIONAL INTEREST National interest may be cultural, economic, political, religious, or military goal of a nation. Why do nations pursue national interests? A nation’s survival and security A nation’s economic growth and power The maintenance of the quality of life for the people in the nation

3. CANADA’S NORTHERN SOVEREIGNTY Sovereignty – a nation’s right to self-government and control over its own jurisdiction that is recognized by other nations Issue between Canadian and Russian sovereignty In 2007, the Russian’s planted a flag under the north pole, using a submarine, a blatant disregard for Canadian Sovereignty http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ehRtd0Ivtzc

4. CANADA’S PURSUIT OF SOVEREIGNTY! Arctic choices: Building military bases Resolving disputed land claims with aboriginal groups Expanding resource exploration and development Moving goods through the northwest passage Why are these choices important to developing the pursuit of national interests?

5. ULTRANATIONALISM extreme devotion to or advocacy of the interests of a nation, especially regardless of the effect on any other nations. Distinguishing between nationalism and ultranationalism can sometimes be difficult because of the perspective taken. 1936 Olympic Games Space Race Internment Camps Conscription

6. THE 8 STAGES OF GENOCIDE Understanding the genocidal process is one of the most important steps in preventing future genocides. The Eight Stages of Genocide were first outlined by Dr. Greg Stanton, Department of State: 1996. The first six stages are Early Warnings: Classification Symbolization Dehumanization Organization Polarization Preparation The last two are the result of genocide Extermination Denial

7. CHARACTERISTICS OF DICTATORSHIPS

8. PROPAGANDA All forms of media are controlled by the government. News of the outside world and news of national concern is censored, altered, and presented in a manner that best serves the government. Propaganda is one-sided, heavily biased information.

9. INDOCTRINATION Usually aimed at the youth of a nation. The use of distorted information designed to strengthen support of the government. Schools serve the interests of the state. Success is not measured in creativity, but rather in conformity.

10. SCAPEGOATING Directing grievances/problems towards other groups. Blaming others for your countries problems.

11. FORCE AND TERROR Terror and violence are effective ways to subdue and maintain control over a population. Secret police are often given the power to imprison, torture or liquidate those that are seen as being disloyal or a threat. The disappearance of these people serve to intimidate any potential opposition.

12. CONTROLLED PARTICIPATION People who are allowed to participate and contribute to something are more likely to support it. Dictatorships often stage rallies and elections into displays of support for the government. Creation of youth groups force the youth to take an active role in their country.

13. SELF-DETERMINATION What is self-determination? Simply put it is the right of allowing a people to determine their own destiny This means a nation can choose its own political status and its economic, cultural and social development Forms of self-determination include: decolonization, successor states, by referenda, and by third-party processes.