1. January 25, 2014 LAB EXAM 1

2. Body Cavities

4. The Heart Aorta Arch of the Aorta Superior Vena Cava Apex

5. Descending Aorta Inferior Vena Cava

6. The Trachea and Larynx Hyoid Bone Larynx Trachea Left Primary BronchusRight Primary Bronchus

8. Microscope Base Arm Stage Course Adjustment Fine Adjustment Condenser Iris Diaphragm Nosepiece Objectives 4x, 10x, 40x, 100x Stage control knobs Ocular Eyepiece 10X

9. Total Magnification To calculate Total Magnification, multiply the power of the ocular objective (10X) X The Objective being used (4X, 10X, 40X or 100X) = 40X 100X 400X 1000X respectively

10. The Cell The Three Parts Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nucleolus Chromatin Mitochondrion Golgi Body Golgi Vessicles Lysosome Fat Vacuole Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosomes—red dots on RER Centrioles Cytosol (gel) Cytoplasm (Cytosol + organelles) Cell Membrane Pinocytic Vessicle Polysomes (loose ribosomes)

11. Tissues of the Body

12. 1 Epithelial Tissue

13. Simple Squamous Epithelium

14. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

15. Simple Columnar Epithelium

16. Stratified Squamous Epithelium

17. Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium

18. Transitional Epithelium

19. 2 Connective Tissue

20. Adipose Tissue

21. Aerolar Tissue

22. Bone Tissue

23. Blood Tissue

24. Hyalin Cartilage

25. Elastic Cartilage

26. Other Tissues 3 Muscle Tissue 4 Neural Tissue (These will not be on Exam 1)

27. January 25, 2014

28. Body Planes

31. The Skin Epidermis Stratum corneum Stratum lucidum Stratum granulosum Stratum spinosum Stratum basale Epidermis Papillary Dermis Reticular Dermis Hair Arrector pili muscle Sebaceous gland Suderiferous glands Eccrine sweat Apocrine sweat Pacinian corpuscle Subcutaneous Layer

33. Mitosis Mitosis is the division of the nucleus.

34. Mitosis

35. Interphase (Not Dividing) Chromatin (DNA) loosely coiled DNA replicated Nuclear membrane intact PROPHASE (First Phase) Chromosomes shorten, thicken and become individualized Nuclear membrane disappears Centrioles move to ends of cell Spindle fibers attach to chromosomes METAPHASE (Second Phase) Chromosomes line up at middle of cell Spindle fibers start pulling chromosomes Chromosomes line up across middle of cell (equatorial plate) ANAPHASE (Shortest Phase) Spindle fibers pull chromosomes to opposite end of the cell Cell elongates TELOPHASE (Last Phase) Nuclear membrane reforms Chromosomes become coiled Centrioles return to their place Cytokinesis (Division of the cytoplasm) Cytoplasm divides by the time the nuclear membrane reforms

36. Mitosis Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis

37. Interphase During Intephase, a cell performs all of its normal functions and, if necessary prepares for cell division.

38. Prophase Nuclear membrane disappears; chromosomes become uncoil and become individualized (now called chromatids). The centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell and spindle fibers begin to form. The chromatids attach to the spindle fibers.

39. Metaphase The chromatids move to the metaphase plate. All the chromatids are aligned in the plane of the metaphase plate.

40. Anaphase The chromatids begin to separate. The daughter chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends of the cell.

41. Telophase The nuclear membrane reforms, the nuclei enlarge, and the chromosomes uncoil. This marks the end of mitosis.

42. Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells. It Begins with the formation of cleavage furrow and continues throughout Telophase. The completion of cytokinesis marks the end of cell division.

46. Active Transport is a kind of transport wherein ions or molecules move against a concentration gradient, which means movement in the direction opposite that of diffusion – or – movement from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. Hence, this process will require expenditure of energy, and the assistance of a type of protein called a carrier protein.transportions moleculesgradient movementdiffusion movementareaconcentrationareaconcentrationenergyproteincarrier protein Passive Transport is a kind of transport by which ions or molecules move along a concentration gradient, which means movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.transportions moleculesconcentration gradient movementconcentration Diffusion is passive molecular movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Osmosis is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from one solution to another solution that contains a higher solute concentration. Solution is a fluid containing dissolved materials. Solvent is the fluid component of a solution Solute is any materials dissolved in a solution

48. Video on Diffusion and Osmosis https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video;_ylt=A0LEVy8yKPFSAgQATLpXNyoA; _ylu=X3oDMTByaHEyNGMxBHNlYwNzYwRjb2xvA2JmMQR2dGlkA1VJQzFfMQ-- ?p=on+diffusion+and+osmosis https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video;_ylt=A0LEVy8yKPFSAgQATLpXNyoA; _ylu=X3oDMTByaHEyNGMxBHNlYwNzYwRjb2xvA2JmMQR2dGlkA1VJQzFfMQ-- ?p=on+diffusion+and+osmosis

49. Types of Solutions Hypotonic Solution Will the cell burst or shrink?THE CELL WILL BURST

50. HYPERTONIC Will the cell burst or shrink? THE CELL WILL SHRINK.

51. ISOTONIC Will the cell burst or shrink? THE CELL WILL NEITHER BURST OR SHRINK

53. Filtration Water Charcoal and Cuprous sulfate AB Which filtration is correct? B

54. Filtration Water Charcoal and Cuprous sulfate AB Which filtration is correct? B

55. LAB EXAM 1 SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 2014 11:00 am - 11:30 am 11:30 am - 12:00 pm You may leave when you are finished with the exam. We will begin the Skeletal System next Saturday.