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Published byMadeleine Walters Modified over 8 years ago
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Introduction to Business Information Systems
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An information system (IS) is any organized system for the collection, organization, storage and communication of information. More specifically, it is the study of complementary networks that people and organizations use to collect, filter, process create and distribute data.
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The six components that must come together in order to produce an information system are: 1.Hardware 2.Software 3.Data 4.Procedures 5.People 6.Feedback
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1. HARWARE The term hardware refers to machinery. This category includes the computer itself, which is often referred to as the central processing unit (CPU), and all of its support equipments. Among the support equipments are input and output devices, storage devices and communications devices.
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2. SOFTWARE The term software refers to computer programs and the manuals (if any) that support them. Computer programs are machine-readable instructions that direct the circuitry within the hardware parts of the system to function in ways that produce useful information from data. Programs are generally stored on some input / output medium, often a disk or tape.
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3. DATA Data are facts that are used by programs to produce useful information. Like programs, data are generally stored in machine-readable form on disk or tape until the computer needs them.
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4. PROCEDURES Procedures are the policies that govern the operation of a computer system. "Procedures are to people what software is to hardware" is a common analogy that is used to illustrate the role of procedures in a system.
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5. PEOPLE Every system needs people if it is to be useful. Often the most over-looked element of the system are the people, probably the component that most influence the success or failure of information systems. This includes "not only the users, but those who operate and service the computers, those who maintain the data, and those who support the network of computers."
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6. FEEDBACK it is another component of the IS, that defines that an IS may be provided with a feedback
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Types of information system
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Some examples of such systems are: data warehouses enterprise resource planning enterprise systems expert systems search engines geographic information system global information system office automation. office automation
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In computing, a data warehouse (DW or DWH), also known as an enterprise data warehouse (EDW), is a system used for reporting anddata analysis, and is considered as a core component of business intelligence [1] environment. DWs are central repositories of integrated data from one or more disparate sources. They store current and historical data and are used for creating analytical reports for knowledge workers throughout the enterprise. Examples of reports could range from annual and quarterly comparisons and trends to detailed daily sales analysis.computingreportingdata analysisbusiness intelligence [1]
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Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is a category of business-management software—typically a suite of integrated applications—that an organization can use to collect, store, manage and interpret data from many business activities, including:managementapplicationsbusiness product planning, purchase product planning manufacturing or service delivery manufacturing marketing and sales marketingsales inventory management shipping and payment
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Enterprise systems (ES) are large- scale application software packages that support business processes, information flows, reporting, and data analytics in complex organizations. While ES are generally packaged enterprise application software (PEAS) systems they can also be bespoke, custom developed systems created to support a specific organization's needs.application software
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EXPERT SYSTEM In artificial intelligence, an expert system is a computer system that emulates the decision- making ability of a human expertartificial intelligence
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A web search engine is a software system that is designed to search for information on the World Wide Web. World Wide Web
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A geographic information system or geographical information system (GIS) is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of spatial or geographical data
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