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Published byMaximilian Dixon Modified over 8 years ago
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Kinesiology-the study of human movement Brings together anatomy, physiology, physics, and geometry as they relate to the human bodies movement.
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Biomechanics-mechanical principles that relate directly to the human body. Can be relative to the extremities or an implement such as a bat or racket Can be static(nonmoving) or dynamic(moving) activities. Read paragraph 3-4 on page 3 and paragraph 1-2 on page 4
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Anatomical Position- human body standing upright, eyes forward feet parallel, arms at side, and hands with palms facing forward. Midline – The line that divides the body from left and right
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Medial-Middle/Midline Lateral-outside
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Distal- far from midline Proximal- close to midline
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Superior- above another structure Inferior- below another structure
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Front =anterior =ventral Back =posterior =dorsal
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Linear Motion- a straight line from one point to another. Rectilinear Motion-straight line like a player running across a field. Curvilinear Motion- straight line but in a curved path, like a diver leaving the diving board.
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Angular Motion- Rotary motion is when all the parts of the object move through the same angle, same direction at the same time, but do not move the same distance. When you flex your elbow your hand and wrist travel a different distance through space.
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Generally speaking most movement within the body is angular, most movement outside the body is linear. Get into groups of 4 and create a list(use pg 6): 2 linear movements 2 angular movements 2 combination movements
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Arthrokinematics: relationship of joint surface movement. The humeral head’s movement within glenoid fossa of scapula. Osteokinematics: relationship of the movement of bones around a joint axis. Humerus moving on scapula
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Movements of Synovial Joints (freely moving jts. where most joint motion occurs) Flexion-decrease angle between 2 bones Extension-increase angle between 2 bones Hyperextension-increase angle between 2 bones beyond the normal range of motion (ROM).
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Movements of Synovial Joints Abduction-Limbs only-limb moves away from the midline of the body. Adduction-Limbs only-limb moves toward the midline of the body. Rotation-when a bone turns on its axis towards or away from the midline of the body
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Movements of Synovial Joints Circumduction- the ability of a limb to move in a circular path around an axis. Supination- moving into a supine position. Pronation- moving into a prone position. Plantarflexion- pointing toes down, “planting the foot” Dorsiflexion- bringing the toes up Palmarflexion – flexing the wrist
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Movements of Synovial Joints Plantarflexion- pointing toes down, “planting the foot” Dorsiflexion- bringing the toes up
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Movements of Synovial Joints Inversion- turns the sole of the foot inward, medially. Eversion- turns the sole of the foot outward, laterally. Protraction- occurs in the transverse plane, moving the body part forward Retraction- occurs in the transverse plane, moving the body part backward
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Movements of Synovial Joints Shoulder Abduction – movement of the arm away from the body Shoulder Adduction - movement of the arm toward the body Shoulder Horizontal Abduction – Shoulder abducted to 90 degrees, then adduct toward midline Shoulder Horizontal Adduction – Shoulder abducted to 90 degrees, then adduct toward midline Radial Deviation – wrist deviates laterally Ulnar deviation – wrist deviates medially
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