1. Myositis
Isabelle Delgado
Per. 5

2. What Is It?
Myositis is the inflammation of the muscles caused primarily by infection, injury, medicines, disease, or exercise.
Although there are a myriad of symptoms, the most visually obvious is a rash on the hands, face, back, and chest.

3. Types of Myositis There are 5 types of Myositis: Dermatomyositis
Juvenile Dermatomyositis
Inclusion-Body Myositis
Polymyositis
Orbital Myositis

4. Dermatomyositis (DM)
It predominantly affects women, and first appears in the form of a rash anywhere from the face to the back, chest, elbows, knees, and hands.
It progresses to scaly, dry skin, tiredness, and pain when getting up.
Weakness in the hips, neck back, and shoulders follows.
Difficulty swallowing and changes in the voice occur, and then calcium buildup.

5. Juvenile Myositis (JM)
While very similar to Dermatomyositis, this version affects children 18 or younger, but is fairly rare.
It can first appear in a rash, then progress into muscle weakness or pain, or both symptoms can show up at the same time.
Since children are weaker, in addition to Dermatomyositis symptoms, they also have difficulty lifting their heads, arms, or standing.

6. Inclusion-Body Myositis (IBM)
Unlike Dermatomyositis, IBM affects more men than women, and typically occurs after age 50.
Symptoms include muscle weakness in the hands, thighs, forearms, below the knees, and throat, frequent falling (tripping or otherwise), and difficulty gripping and swallowing.

7. Polymyositis (PM)
Like Dermatomyositis, PM affects more women than men, but unlike every Myositis explained earlier, is first marked by the muscle weakness, not rash.
PM’s symptoms include muscle weakness (concentrated towards the center of the body), difficulty swallowing and getting up after falling, and skin thickening in the hands.

8. Orbital Myositis
Although extremely rare, Orbital Myositis is muscular inflammation surrounding the eyes.
This specific strain is also related to Rheumatoid Arthritis, Lupus Erythematosus, Crohn’s Disease, and Diabetes Mellitus.
Signs include bulging or droopy eyes, limited movement in the eyes, and redness or swelling surrounding the eyes, as well as double vision.

9. Treatment
There are multitudes of prescription medications available to aid treating Myositis, but more importantly treatment involves physical therapy and exercise to combat the destruction of muscle.

10. Questions (Easy) What is the most common visual symptom of Myositis?
Hair Loss
Tooth Decay
Rash
Rapid Fingernail Growth

11. Questions (Intermediate)
Does Myositis affect children often?
No, it affects children fairly rarely.
No, it never occurs in children.
Yes, it occurs frequently.
Yes, almost every child contracts it.

12. Questions (Hard)
What type of Myositis is the only type to occur most frequently in men?
Dermatomyositis
Polymyositis
Orbital Myositis
Inclusion-Body Myositis

13. Bibliography
Shiel, William C., Jr., MD, FACP, FACR. "Lupus Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, Diagnosis & Pictures." MedicineNet. N.p., 2 Aug Web. 12 Dec
Administrator. "Types of Myositis - TMA - The Myositis Association." Types of Myositis - TMA - The Myositis Association. N.p., Jan Web. 12 Dec
"Department of Dermatology." Dermatomyositis | Dermatology. Carver College of Medicine, n.d. Web. 12 Dec
"Dermatomyositis." Dermatomyositis. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Dec
"Inclusion-Body Myositis (IBM) - Diagnosis | Muscular Dystrophy Association." Muscular Dystrophy Association. Muscular Dystrophy Association, 07 Jan Web. 12 Dec
Cunliffe, Tim. "Dermatomyositis (including Polymyositis)." Dermatomyositis (and Polymyositis) | Primary Care Dermatology Society | UK. Primary Care Dermatology Society, 21 Apr Web. 12 Dec
Doan, Andrew, MD, PhD. " ." Orbital Myositis (inflammatory Pseudotumor). EyeRounds.org: Online Ophthalmic Atlas. Univeristy of Iowa Healthcare, 2 Aug Web. 12 Dec