1. Flame Detection – Jon Sarfas

2. Agenda Introduction Detection Principles FL4000H MSIR Flame Detector
Flame Test Lamp
Installation Best Practice
Features & Benefits
Applications

3. Introduction Primary objectives: Detect fires as early as possible
Isolate fuel sources.
Activate fire suppression system/responders.
Alert personnel to evacuate.
Minimize consequences to personnel, facilities and prevent escalation of incident.

4. Introduction Secondary objectives:
Achieve detection with minimal unwanted alarms.
Shutdowns - cost time & money
Lowest installation and operation costs.

5. Optical Flame Detection
Optical flame detectors respond to electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet, visible and infrared spectrums emitted from a burning flame.

6. Optical Flame Detection
UV flame detectors respond to a limited ultraviolet band of nanometers. This limited band excludes radiation from the sun, rendering UV detectors “solar blind”.
IR detectors respond to a narrow band of infrared radiation centered at 4.35 microns. Flames produced by hydrocarbon fuels emit a large amount of IR radiation at 4.35 microns.

7. Optical Flame Detection
UV flame detectors respond to a limited ultraviolet band of 185 to 260nm.
IR flame detectors respond to a narrow band of infrared radiation centered at 4.35um.
Visible UV IR
0.28
0.3
0.4
0.7
Sunlight
Solar Radiation
Fire
IR Signal
C02
H2O
2.8
4.0
4.3
5.0
Signal
Radiant Intensity

8. UV & IR Detection
Sensing methods for optical flame detection employ UV and IR sensing elements.
UV phototube
IR Pyro-electric detector

9. UV Flame Detection
UV flame detectors offer extremely fast response times, typically 100 milliseconds, allowing then to react at the very early stages of a fire.
However UV detectors are potentially sensitive to arc-welding,
x-rays, halogen lighting and lightning, therefore posing false alarm problems.
A good application for UV detectors is in side turbine enclosures, where speed of response is critical and the sources of false alarm are not present.
UV detectors cannot see through thick sooty smoke.

10. IR Flame Detection
IR flame detectors have the advantage of been able to detect through dense smoke and are less susceptible to contaminated optics.
IR detectors are not sensitive to arc-welding, x-rays, halogen lights and lightning.
Typical response time < 2 seconds.
Single IR detectors can be susceptible to black body radiation.

11. UV/IR Flame Detection
Combining both the UV and IR detectors in one product provides one of the most commonly type of flame detectors.
It combines the advantages of each type of detectors technology whilst also
overcoming the false alarm issues associated with each detector.
UV/IR flame detectors will not alarm unless both the UV detector and IR detector have detected a fire at the same time.

12. UV & IR Flame Detection Possible Sources of False & Unwanted Alarms
UV IR UV/IR
Arc welding
Lightning
Halogen Lighting
X-ray testing
Modulated Black body radiation
Flare stacks
Reflected sunlight

13. IR3 Flame Detection
Triple IR (IR3) technology was seen as a major breakthrough in fire detection many years ago, detects using three IR sensors.
IR3 detectors will not false alarm to any continuous, modulated or pulsating radiation sources.
The high sensitivity of the Triple IR technology, enable another benefit of increased detection ranges than previously technologies, typically 65m as appose to 15m.
However Triple IR
Relies on fixed algorithms which are pre-programed into the detectors software, these algorithm are defined by direct human analysis of experimental data.

14. MSIR Multi-Spectrum Infrared
The FL4000H detects fires reliably by making use of multiple infrared sensors sampling different IR wavelengths.
Analog signals are sampled and converted into digital format for signal processing.
A neural network processes values to identify patterns, which allow it to determine if signals are from a flame or non-flame source.
Flame detection becomes an exercise of pattern recognition, which is derived from the statistical analysis of data.

15. MSIR Multi-Spectrum Infrared
What is Neural Network Technology (NNT)?
NNT is the “brain” behind the detector. It allows the unit to make intelligent decisions based on training and an adaptive recognition algorithm that works similar to a human brain.
Think of a small tree you used to play on as a child. If you were to visit that tree 15 years later it would be very different in appearance but your brain is able to determine that it is the same tree based on its appearance.
NNT allows the FL4000H detector to do the same thing with fires and, conversely, with false alarm sources.
Flame detection becomes an exercise of pattern recognition, which is derived from the statistical analysis of data.

16. MSIR Multi-Spectrum Infrared
MSIR’s flame decision is informed by input from several infrared wavelengths or channels.
So called “immunity sensors” detect wavelengths not associated with flames. No
Channel Wavelength microns
Channel Use 1
2.2
IR light sources (sun channel) 2
4.3
Flame wavelength (CO2) 3
4.45 4
4.9
Modulation

17. MSIR Multi-Spectrum Infrared
There are several advantages to using artificial neural networks to detect flames:
Does not depend on developing accurate rules for classifying fire from false alarms.
Can improve its pattern recognition as the detector is “trained” to recognize more flame and non-flame events.

18. MSIR Multi-Spectrum Infrared

19. MSIR Multi-Spectrum Infrared
N-Heptane Burning in 1ft x 1ft Pan
Gasoline Burning in 1ft x 1ft Pan

20. MSIR Multi-Spectrum Infrared
Video 1
Video 2
Technology
Detection Range
Immunity Distance
MSIR/NNT
70m / 230ft
> m / 5-15ft
IR3 – Competitor A
64m / 210ft
>12.2m / 5-15ft
IR3 / CCTV– Competitor A
61m / 200ft

21. FL4000H MSIR Specification 2-5 microns (IR)
Field of view: 100ft, 210ft
Detection distance: 70m (230ft)
Typical response time: 10 seconds
Average response time: 7 seconds
COPM Self Test
Outputs: 4 – 20 mA, 8A Relays, HART & Modbus
Time delay: 0, 8, 10, 14 seconds
Operating temp: -40°C to +80°C
Approvals: ATEX, IECEx, BV, ULC, CSA, FM,
MED, Inmetro, DNV, EN SIL 3
Ex d IIC T5,
Ingress Protection: NEMA 6P, IP66/67
Housing: Stainless steel 316
Cable distance PSU – Detector 930m 2.5mm2

22. MSIR Field of View
MSIR model offers the largest detection area of any commercial detector.
70m
37m
21m

23. MSIR Field of View Detection Distance Maximun. A of V 230 feet 60 º90
50 feet
100

24. FL4000H MSIR
Flame response – high sensitivity

25. MSIR HART Function Current Level (mA) Analog Output HART
HART (Modified)
Startup
3.5
1.25
Fault
Test Mode
1.5
COPM Fault 2
2.0
Ready Signal
4.3
Warn 16
Alarm 20

26. TL105 Test Lamp Specification: Remote testing up to 10.7m
Approvals: ATEX and CSA
Tri-color LED battery status indicator
Single tap on/ off
Designed to operate specifically with our products
Shipped with battery not connected

27. TL105 Test Lamp 2.4-10.7m Detector Model Maximum Distance m
FL4000H MSIR – high sensitivity
10.7
FL4000H MSIR – medium sensitivity
5.5
FL4000H MSIR – low sensitivity
2.4

28. TL105 Test Lamp
10.7m

29. Flame Detector Installation Best Practices
The following are best recommended practices when installing flame detectors,
Mount detectors meters above the ground.
Endure mounting is solid, no movement.
Tilt the instrument downward so the front of the detector is perpendicular to area it’s meant to be protecting.
MSIR detectors, set sensitivity of the instrument suitable to the area protecting, medium or low.
Make sure detectors are not pointing at flare stack or reflected flare stack.
Flame detectors cannot see detect through solid objects or through windows.

30. Flame Detector Installation Best Practices

31. In Summary

32. In Summary Sets a new industry benchmark
Superior false alarm immunity: arc weld as close as m / 5-15 ft
Greater detection range: 70m / 230 ft
Wide field of view: m / 100 ft
Test Lamp – test the unit from 10.7m / 35 ft
MTBF: 150,000 hrs
FM Certified to IEC SIL 3 suitable
MSIR/NNT provides the highest levels of flame detection with respect to performance, safety, reliability and value.
Approvals: FM, CSA, ATEX, IECEx, ULC, DNV GL, MED, EAC, Inmetro, CE Marking

33. Applications Aircraft Hangers Automotive manufacturing & paint spray
Chemical production plants
Chemical store
Compressor stations
Drilling & production plants
Fuel loading facilities
Aircraft hangers
LNG/LPG Processing & storage facilities
Natural gas transfer points

34. Applications Offshore platforms
Oil & Gas (exploration, production, storage & offloading)
Oil refineries
Petrol storage & pump stations
Petrochemical (production, storage & shipping facilities)
Pharmaceutical Industry
Power plants
Propane & butane filling stations
Turbine enclosures

35. Questions ?