1. 내일 10월 7일 수요일 12시 특강
University of Michigan 정치학과 Nicholas Valentino 교수님 특강
정치외교학과와 언론정보학과 공동 주최
서정건 교수님 인사말 및 참석
오비스홀 213호
특강 자료는  KLAS에 업로드 되어 있음
Group Empathy Theory: Explaining Racial and Ethnic Gaps in Reactions to Terrorism and Immigration Threat

2. “Political Time” Presidency (Stephen Skowronek)

3. A dominant ideological regime and each president’s association with it
President’s own
political identity (resources)
Opposed Affiliated
Regime strength
Vulnerable
Resilient
1. Politics of
Reconstruction
(Jefferson, Jackson, Lincoln,
FDR, Reagan)
4. Politics of
Disjunction
(John Quincy Adams, Buchanan, Hoover, Carter)
3. Politics of
Preemption
(Andrew Johnson, Wilson,
Nixon, Clinton)
2. Politics of
Articulation
(Monroe, Polk, TR, LBJ)

4. Political Times I Politics of Reconstruction Opposed to a weak regime
Wins a big election that repudiates weak regime’s ideas (“critical election theory”)
Mandate for change and wide leeway to control nation’s new agenda
Jackson (the Jacksonian Democracy)
FDR (the New Deal era)
Reagan (the “center-right” country)

5. Political Times II Politics of Articulation (“faithful sons”)
Affiliated with a resilient regime
Sticking with dominant ideology of their party’s
regime and carving out own policy niche
Dealing with conflicting factions with a strong regime
Polk (the Jacksonian Democracy)
LBJ (the New Deal era)
Bush 41 (center-right country)

6. Political Times III Politics of Preemption
Opposed to a dominant regime
Have to co-opt some of the dominant regime’s
ideas and little legitimate authority to change policy
commitments
Andrew Johnson (vs. radical Republicans),
Nixon (vs. liberal Democrats),
Clinton (vs. conservative Republicans)

7. Political Times IV Politics of Disjunction
Affiliated with a vulnerable regime
Can’t stand up for regime that is no longer popular, also can’t criticize it because it’s his own party
Less authority over national debate and tend to be seen as failures
John Quincy Adams (prior to Jackson)
Hoover (prior to FDR)
Carter (prior to Reagan)
Cf) What if McCain had won in 2008?

8. Obama and the “Political Time” Presidency
How do you know about regime strength?
Resilient vs. vulnerable?
Is America still “center-right” country?
Has the “Reagan Revolution” ended?
Where is the Obama presidency placed?
Where does President Obama stand?
What is his affiliation with the dominant system?
Does Obama belong to the politics of (second-round) preemption or reconstruction?

9. The U.S. Constitution
Constitutions are all important in all countries.
Setting the basic parameters for the political process,
safeguarding key rights, and establishing the
institutions of government
The U.S. Constitution is even more central to American
political life, because of its great longevity and the
enormous reverence with which it is treated.
At the same time, its exceptional age and its brevity mean
that the U.S. Constitution is full of idiosyncrasies and
silences.

10. The US Constitution: Structure
Preamble ["We the people"]
Article I [The Legislative Branch]
Article II [The Presidency]
Article III [The Judiciary]
Article IV [The States]
Article V [The Amendment Process]
Article VI [Legal Status of the Constitution]
Article VII [Ratification]
Amendment I (1791) – XXVII (1992)

11. The Basics of the U. S. Constitution http://www. law. cornell
Article I [The Legislative Branch] Article II [The Presidency] Article III [The Judiciary] Article IV [The States] Article V [The Amendment Process] Article VI [Legal Status of the Constitution] Article VII [Ratification]

12. The Basics of the U. S. Constitution http://www. law. cornell
Amendment I [Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, Petition (1791)] Amendment II [Right to Bear Arms (1791)] Amendment III [Quartering of Troops (1791)] Amendment IV [Search and Seizure (1791)] Amendment V [Grand Jury, Double Jeopardy, Self-Incrimination, Due Process (1791)] Amendment VI [Criminal Prosecutions - Jury Trial, Right to Confront and to Counsel (1791)] Amendment VII [Common Law Suits - Jury Trial (1791)] Amendment VIII [Excess Bail or Fines, Cruel and Unusual Punishment (1791)] Amendment IX [Non-Enumerated Rights (1791)] Amendment X [Rights Reserved to States (1791)]

13. The Basics of the U. S. Constitution http://www. law. cornell
Amendment XI [Suits Against a State (1795)]
Amendment XII [Election of President and Vice-President (1804)]
Amendment XIII [Abolition of Slavery (1865)]
Amendment XIV [Privileges and Immunities, Due Process, Equal Protection, Apportionment of Representatives, Civil War Disqualification and Debt (1868)]
Amendment XV [Rights Not to Be Denied on Account of Race (1870)]

14. The Basics of the U. S. Constitution http://www. law. cornell
Amendment XVI [Income Tax (1913)]
Amendment XVII [Election of Senators (1913)
Amendment XVIII [Prohibition (1919)]
Amendment XIX [Women's Right to Vote (1920)
Amendment XX [Presidential Term and Succession (1933)]
Amendment XXI [Repeal of Prohibition (1933)]
Amendment XXII [Two Term Limit on President (1951)]
Amendment XXIII [Presidential Vote in D.C. (1961)]
Amendment XXIV [Poll Tax (1964)]
Amendment XXV [Presidential Succession (1967)]
Amendment XXVI [Right to Vote at Age 18 (1971)]
Amendment XXVII [Compensation of Members of Congress (1992)]

15. US Constitution and American Political History
Article I = the Legislative Branch (US Congress)
Detailed and long
“enumerated powers” of Congress
Article II = the Executive Branch (Presidency)
Ambiguous and short  basis for the evolution of prez power
“inherent powers” of President
Some Constitutional Amendments
12th Amendment (1804)
20th Amendment (1933)
22nd Amendment (1951)
25th Amendment (1967)

16. The American Presidency
Do you think that the American presidency is unique? If so, how so? If not, why not?
I. the American presidency in comparative perspective
II. “Evolution” of presidential power
III. Unique nature of studying the presidency