1. Chapter 15: Offshoring and supply chains
Charles van Marrewijk
International Trade
Chapter 15: Offshoring and supply chains

2. 15.2 the hard-disk drive value chain

3. Japan USA Taiwan Hong Kong Mexico China Philippines Indonesia Thailand
Cover, Disk, Screw, Seal, Ramp, Top Clamp, Latch, Plate Case, Label, Filter PCBA, Suspension
Japan
15.3 hard disk drive supply chain in Thailand
Disk, Head, Suspension
USA
Top Clamp
Taiwan
Filter Cap
Hong Kong
Head
Mexico
PCBA, Carriage, HGA, Base, Head, Suspension
China
Damping Plate, Coil Support, PCBA
Philippines
Suspension, VCM, PCBA
Indonesia
Thailand
Spindle motor, Base, Carriage, Flex cable, Pivot
Singapore
Cover, Screw, Pivot, PC ADP, Disc
Seal, VCM, Top
cover, PCBA, HGA, HAS
Base, Pivot, Spacer, VCM, Base Card, Top Clamp, Disk
Malaysia

4. 15.4 global trade flows and value-added over gross trade ratio, 1995-2009
gross trade flows
(value added / gross) ratio
in per cent, right-hand scale
value added trade flows

5. 15.5 value-added trade; per cent of gross export, 2009
bubbles proportional to per cent of gross exports in respective year

6. 15.6 vertical FDI decision process
America
Headquarter services
America
China
manufacturing
manufacturing
compare total costs

7. 15.7 characterization of main vertical FDI regimes
capital
vertical multinationals
Factor Price Equalization
no vertical multinationals
vertical multinationals
labour

8. 15.8 stage offshoring and wage inequality

9. 15.9 firm heterogeneity and vertical FDI
multinational
domestic
exit

10. 15.10 domestic and foreign sourcing in Spain
density
domestic sourcing
foreign sourcing
firm productivity

11. 15.11 backward and forward linkages in value-added trade
gross exports 100%
RIM; re-imported, 1%
America
Sector 1
America
Sector 2
America
Sector 3
DDC
46%
IDC
29%
FVA
24%
border
direct
indirect
foreign
border
China
Sector 1
China
Sector 3
domestic value
added 76%
backward linkages
FNL
27%
INT
49%
final
intermediate
forward linkages

12. 15.12 domestic value added as share of gross exports (%), 2011
bubbles proportional to per cent of gross exports

13. 15.13 backward and forward linkages, 2011
bubbles proportional to per cent of gross exports

14. 15.14 sum of backward and forward linkages in 1995 and 2011
bubbles proportional to per cent of gross exports in respective year

15. 15.15 global average Grubel-Lloyd index, per 3-digit sector at 5-digit level, %
bubbles proportional to per cent of global trade flows

16. 15.16 Grubel-Lloyd index per country; trade-weighted average, 5 digit level
bubbles proportional to per cent of population

17. 15.17 Grubel-Lloyd index by income group; trade-weighted, 5 digit level

18. 15.18 organizational sorting in Spain
foreign outsourcing
density
domestic
integration
domestic
outsourcing
foreign
integration
firm productivity