1. CRP-DS Science and Implementation Workshop
East and Southern Africa Flagship Key highlights of our work so far Prepared by Siboniso Moyo and Mohammed Said Presented by Polly Ericksen
CRP-DS Science and Implementation Workshop
30th June – 4th July, 2014
Holiday Inn Hotel - Amman, Jordan

2. Resilience areas Increased vulnerability to shocks such as
Land pressure, increasing human population, diminishing access to resources, weak policy frameworks, under developed/lack of markets, low livestock productivity
Increased vulnerability to shocks such as
drought, price increases and conflict
Response
Develop enabling policies
Develop resilience enhancing mechanisms

3. Intensification areas
High population densities, small plot sizes, low soil fertility, labour constraints, heterogeneity of land pressure and farmer preferences
Opportunities for intensification of agriculture exist, technologies need to respond to markets, IPs and value chain enhancement are key
Agricultural intensification can substantially contribute to reduce household and increase food security

4. Resilient livelihoods Natural Resources Management
Contribution to IDOs
Resilient livelihoods
Wealth and well being
Capacity to Innovate
Natural Resources Management
Gender Empowerment
Food access
In Pastoral, Agro-Pastoral, Crop based and Mixed crop x livestock systems

5. East and Southern Africa Flagship
Action Sites

7. Common Action Site in the Chinyanja Triangle
Chama
Angonia
Lundazi
Chipata
Petauke
Katete
Chadiza
Tsangano
Moatize
Zumbo
Mutarara
Changara
Chora-Bassa
Magoe
Maravia
Chiuta
Chifunde
Macanga
CIAT
CIP
CIP
CIAT
CIP
Constraints/potential/opportunities ‘mapping’ using ‘guidance maps’
Michinji
Machinga
ICRAF
Bioversity
Dedza
Ntcheu
Zomba
Chiradzulu
Mulanje
Chikwawa
CIAT
Tholo
Nsanje
ICRISAT

8. Galla goats indigenous breed for milk and meat in West Pokot
Reclaimed farm (African Foxtail grass) from invasive prosopis julifora
Sale of fatten livestock fed on African Foxtail grass
Source: ASARECA Report; KRDP/ASAL DM

9. Main research questions
What are resilience enhancing options?
Where are the hot spots of land degradation and how best to tackle this?
Do integrated crop and livestock systems minimise environmental impacts, reduce risk and enhance resilience?
What are the major determinants of technology adoption by smallholder farmers?
What are the best bet technology options that can be recommended for adoption by smallholder farmers?

10. Main research questions
What are the dynamic drivers of change in the status of agricultural biodiversity resources in integrated crop livestock systems?
What is the soil health status of landscapes and its implication on sustainable intensification?
How to make low input small scale farming productive, profitable and resource efficient?
What are the decision support tools which will help intensification of integrated agricultural water management interventions?

11. Tools and methods Development of vulnerability frameworks
Characterisation of food systems and identification of entry points
Characterisation of agricultural biodiversity resources
Understanding research gaps and gap filling
Developing integrated systems approach to land and water use for productivity and income
Developing resilience enhancing options and testing best bet technologies

12. Tools and methods
Baseline surveys, agronomic and socio-economic surveys
Participatory value chain analysis and development of interventions
Test extension approaches for NRM, land use plans, governances and tenure security
Innovation platforms for stakeholder engagement
Integrated systems simulation modelling, remote sensing and geospatial analysis
Developing capacity of farmer associations and cooperatives

13. Scale of operation Household (individual surveys) Plot level
Farm level
Community level (FGDs, participatory mapping)
Landscape (rangeland ecology, NRM, water management)
Ecosystem, biomass (range and biodiversity assessments and modelling)

14. Collaboration frameworks and Partnerships
Bioversity, CIAT, CIP, ICARDA, ICRAF, ICRISAT, ILRI, IWMI and SSA-CP
Currently there is a regional focus
Partnerships formed around bilateral projects
All CGIAR Centres in DS/ESA;
NARS;
Farmers, Extension Services;
Private Sector;
Universities and colleges; and
NGO Partners in target sites
Policy makers – in various countries

15. Key Achievements (1) intercropping maize with legumes;
Four Innovation Platforms (IPs) established in mixed crop-livestock systems
Nine major technologies tested and put into use eg.
mechanised and non-mechanised CA;
intercropping maize with legumes;
cultivation of improved forage varieties;
Seed multiplication
Partnerships developed and some strengthened
Capacity building – eg. training of farmers, extension staff, MSc students and the project teams.

16. Key Achievements (2)
Soil and landscape health assessment conducted in the Chinyanja Triangle.
Review on agricultural water management interventions for the Chinyanja Triangle.
Revision of Empirical Model upon which Index Based Livestock Insurance contracts are based.
Wildlife and conservation Management Bill 2013 was passed in Kenya.
Work with K NDMA on EWS system.
Generated knowledge, tools and data (eg. lessons distilled on IPs and NGO partnerships to improve livestock value chains)

17. Key Achievements (3)
Publications, policy briefs and policy engagements (revision of policy) and media materials
Conference papers on various topics on sustainable intensification of agriculture.
Consultative process to compile and synthesise knowledge on trees and resilience in the drylands of Africa.
Special publication on pastoral farming systems and food security in Sub-Saharan Africa priorities for science and policy
Special publication on Pro-poor co-investment in environmental services in Africa and Asia: a theory of change

18. Successes Developed appropriate technologies
Introduced improved management practices
Generated data on several areas (eg. soils, landscapes, and household typologies)
Forged partnerships with local organisations which helped with implementation
Engaged stakeholders identification of constraints and opportunities
Generated publications on conceptualizing and measuring resilience in drylands,
Generated publications on sustainable intensification and on trees.
Conducted a number of capacity building initiatives

19. Challenges (1)
Understanding complexity of systems and implications for research and development.
Developing and tailoring the management technologies to a diverse group of large numbers of smallholder farmers.
There are barriers to adoption of technologies which are beyond Science and require investments (capacities and infrastructure) in the drylands.
Limited capacity to implement systems research (trans disciplinary research across organizations and partners)

20. Challenges (2)
CG Centres in the FP not yet working closely in implementing an integrated systems approach at the action site level.
New to joint planning
Centre issues result in focal points without authority to follow up on deliverables in some cases

21. Areas for improvement
Adopt systems approach, and make use of synergies
Engage relevant stakeholders from the beginning.
More attention and involvement of policy and decision makers.
Improve Centre coordination and communication (joint planning).
Develop joint proposal to support the work of the FPs (currently plans do not match the available resources).
Improve reporting mechanisms.
Disburse funds in good time.

22. What would we do differently?
Define the goal of each FP clearly from the beginning.
FPs should have the funding initially not Centres.
Activities should be accompanied by resources.
Allocate enough time and resources to do the work.
Define and agree areas for joint resource mobilisation (filling the gaps).
Improve mechanisms for inter centre coordination (funds, communication).

23. Thank you for your attention