2. Essential Nutrients Essential nutrients that our body cannot produce:
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Fiber
Water
Vitamins
Minerals
Macronutrients
Micronutrients

3. Fiber Fiber is the indigestible portion of food derived from plants
Soluble fiber is dissolved in water and fermented
Insoluble fiber is not dissolved and provides (water) bulking
Fiber helps with digestion, cultivating beneficial bacteria, and bowel movement by softening stool

4. Fiber

5. Vitamins
A vitamin is an organic nutrient that an organism need to consume in small amounts because the organism cannot produce it sufficiently
Vitamins are categorized according to function
13 vitamins are recognized as essential for humans
A, B1-12, C, D, E, K
Vitamins are either water soluble or insoluble

6. Vitamins

7. Minerals Minerals are like vitamins but they are inorganic
At least 20 minerals are essential for humans

8. Nutrient Function Source Servings Disorder
Carbohydrates
Short-term energy
Sugar, bread, rice, noodles, potatoes
6 per day
Obesity, heart disease
Lipids
Long-term energy, vitamin absorption
Oil, fat, butter
Small amounts
Proteins
Growth, muscle, hair, skin, energy
Meat, fish, egg, dairy, grains, nuts
2 per day
Malnutrition
Fiber
Digestion, defecation
Grains, fruits, vegetables
5 per day
Constipation
Water
Various functions
Water, fruits
8 per day
Dehydration
Vitamins
Meat, fruits, vegetables, egg, diary, nuts
Various diseases
Minerals

9. Food Pyramid

10. Small amounts
3 servings/day
2 servings/day
3 servings/day
2 servings/day
6 servings/day